授权前知识迸发专利的识别及其演化轨迹研究

Research on the Identification of Pre-Grant Knowledge Burst Patents and Evolutionary Trajectory

[研究目的]专利授权后的知识扩散轨迹一直被学者们广泛关注,但对专利授权前的知识扩散轨迹及其规律的研究十分有限。以授权前专利为分析对象,挖掘专利早期知识扩散的规律和特征,为实现专利质量的源头管理和高价值专利的及早发现提供决策支撑。[研究方法]利用专利知识扩散的引证、转让、许可等指标,构建授权前专利知识扩散模型,识别授权前知识迸发专利(P-GKBP),重点探索P-GKBP的知识扩散轨迹与规律。[研究结论]P-GKBP作为一种重要的专利,法律状态改变已经成为P-GKBP首次知识迸发的主要因素。与高校、科研院所相比,企业专利更容易产生P-GKBP。此外,P-GKBP具有马太效应,引用P-GKBP的专利更容易成为P-GKBP。这不仅为相关人员追踪前沿技术,预测技术发展趋势提供了新的视角,也为缩短技术创新周期和加强专利质量源头管理起到了重要作用。

[Research purpose]Scholars have widely paid attention to the knowledge diffusion trajectory after a patent grant.However,the research on the knowledge diffusion trajectory and its law before a patent grant is minimal.Taking pre-grant patents as the analysis object,the laws and characteristics of early knowledge diffusion of patents are explored to provide decision support for realizing the source management of patent quality and early discovery of high-value patents.[Research method]Using the indicators of patent knowledge diffusion,such as citation,transfer,and license,we construct a pre-grant patent knowledge diffusion model to identify pre-grant knowledge burst patents(P-GKBP)and focus on exploring the knowledge diffusion trajectory and law of P-GKBP.[Research conclusion]P-GKBP is an essential kind of patent.The change of legal status has become the main factor of the first knowledge burst of P-GKBP.Enterprise patents are more likely to generate P-GKBP than universities and research institutes.In addition,P-GKBP has a Matthew effect,and patents citing P-GKBP are likelier to become P-GKBP.This provides a new perspective for relevant personnel to track frontier technologies and predict technology development trends and plays an essential role in shortening technology innovation cycles and strengthening patent quality management at source.