韩国学前教育法律体系对我国学前教育立法的启示

The Enlightenment of Preschool Education Legal System in South Korea on Preschool Education Legislation in China

自1945年大韩民国政府成立以来,韩国学前教育法律体系建构逐步展开,经历了探索、独立与成熟三个时期,并呈现以下特征:纵向法律体系层次分明,上下有机衔接;横向法律覆盖领域广,配套相互补充;立法更新与时俱进;具备职责明确的学前教育管理体制;保教并重,推进一体化发展;专门经费立法,规范费用收支。鉴于以上经验,我国应加快立法步伐,尽早确立以《学前教育法》为核心的法律体系;正确运用政策与法律的互补谐变,完善法律横向配套衔接;健全学前教育管理体制,尤其应重视完善国家学前财政保障机制;注重保教一体化,关注托育服务立法。

Since the establishment of the government of the Republic of Korea in 1945,the construction of the legal system for early childhood education in Korea has gradually unfolded,going through three periods of exploration,development,formation,and maturi⁃ty.By analyzing its construction process,it is found that the Korean preschool education law presents a clear vertical legal system with organic connections from top to bottom;Horizontal laws cover a wide range of areas and complement each other;Legislative updates keep pace with the times;A clear management system for preschool education is ready with clear responsibilities;Equal emphasis is put on childcare and education,promoting integrated development;Special funding legislation is set,regulating the legal system and content characteristics of expense revenue and expenditure.Taking this as a reference,China should accelerate the pace of improve⁃ment,establish a legal system with the Preschool Education Law as the core as soon as possible,correctly use the complementary and harmonious changes between policies and laws,improve the horizontal matching connection of laws,improve the management system of preschool education,pay special attention to improving the national preschool financial security mechanism,focus on the integra⁃tion of childcare and education,and pay attention to legislation on childcare services.