省域环境规制对木材加工业中间品进口依赖度的影响

Study on the Impact of Environmental Regulations on Participation in Global Value Chains in Wood Processing Regions

基于30个省份木材加工业2005—2016年的平衡面板数据,应用面板数据模型和Boostrap检验法,评估省域环境规制对木材加工业中间品进口依赖度的影响,分析其影响机制。结果表明:省域环境规制对木材加工业中间品进口依赖度呈倒U型关系,且具有持续发酵的特征,滞后二期和滞后三期表现出相同的影响;省域严格环境规制能及时促进木材加工企业产品和工艺导向的技术创新,进而降低木材加工业中间品的进口依赖度;地方政府对环境的关注度也呈倒U型关系。因此,应该积极引导地方政府重视和推进生态环境保护,强化对企业技术创新和工艺设备改进的支持力度。

⑴Background——The problem of“stuck neck”always warns China s manufacturing industry to reasonably control the degree of dependence on imports of intermediate goods.The central and local governments have designed multi-level and diversified environmental regulation tools,and China s wood processing industry still generally adopts traditional processes and equipment with high energy consumption and high emissions,which has become one of the important objects of local government environmental regulation.⑵Methods——Based on the balanced panel data of the wood processing industry in 30 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)of China except Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan and Tibet from 2005 to 2016,the overall impact of regional environmental regulations on the import dependence of intermediate products in the wood processing industry was evaluated using a dual fixed panel model by province and time.Boostrap test method was used to verify the influence mechanism of provincial environmental regulations on the import dependence of intermediate products in wood processing industry.⑶Results——First,the provincial environmental regulation has an inverted U-shaped effect on the import dependence of intermediate products in the wood processing industry,that is,the regional environmental regulation changes from loose to strict,and the impact on the import dependence of intermediate products in the local wood processing industry increases first and then decreases.Second,the inverted U-shaped effects of provincial environmental regulations have the characteristics of continuous fermentation,which can last at least until the third year.Thirdly,in terms of impact mechanism,strict regional environmental regulation can timely promote technological innovation of wood processing enterprises and reduce the dependence on intermediate imports;Fourth,the expansion analysis shows that the environmental concern of local government also has an inverted U-shaped effect on the import dependence of intermediate products of local wood processing industry.Fifth,the technological innovation and capital intensity of the wood processing industry have a negative effect on the import dependence of intermediate goods,the industry concentration degree and the regional manufacturing wage level and geographical location have a significant positive effect,and the industry labor input,regional market size,economic development level,infrastructure perfection,openness to the outside world and industrialization degree have no significant impact.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——After the strict environmental regulation lasts for a specific time and crosses a certain threshold,the industrial trade gains are not negatively impacted.Therefore,local governments can give up the mentality of"competition for the lowest level"in environmental regulation and continue to promote ecological environmental protection.Strengthen the support for technological innovation and process equipment improvement of wood processing industry enterprises,strive to improve the utilization efficiency of imported intermediates of enterprises,enhance the substitution ability of imported intermediates,and reduce the proportion of investment in imported intermediates by improving product design;Regions with high industrial agglomeration,wage levels and import facilitation should strengthen the research and development of intermediate products such as high-quality key raw materials and key components,and form a benign interaction mechanism between strict environmental regulations and reduced dependence on intermediate imports.