温度对垃圾渗滤液生化处理过程中氨氮去除的影响研究

Effect of Temperature on Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen in Biochemical Treatment of Landfill Leachate

为解决垃圾渗滤液处理工程中常出现夏季高温导致生化污泥失活、出水氨氮不达标的问题,利用杭州市某垃圾中转站的渗滤液和活性污泥,探究了温度对垃圾渗滤液生化处理过程中氨氮去除的影响。通过小试试验探究得出,高温条件下活性污泥对氨氮的去除效果随温度的升高而逐渐降低;当生化系统温度小于40℃时,简单的降温措施即可恢复污泥的活性;当活性污泥受到40℃以上的高温损伤后,生物膜结构受到破坏而彻底失活,生化系统对氨氮的去除率降至20%以下,此时仅通过降温措施并不能有效恢复活性,需重新接种污泥或添加硝化菌剂方能快速恢复氨氮去除功能。因此,在垃圾渗滤液处理工程中,应通过设置冷却塔等措施避免活性污泥处于40℃以上的高温环境中。

In order to solve the problem of activated sludge deactivation and effluent ammonia nitrogen not up to standard caused by high temperature in summer in landfill leachate treatment project,the landfill leachate and activated sludge from a waste transfer station in Hangzhou was used to explore the effect of temperature on the removal of ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate during biochemical treatment.And we obtained the following conclusions:under high temperature in summer,the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in landfill leachate by activated sludge gradually decreases with the increase of temperature;When the temperature of the biochemical system is less than 40℃,the activity of the sludge could be restored by simple cooling measures;When the activated sludge is damaged by high temperature above 40℃,its biofilm structure is destroyed and completely inactivated,and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen decreases to less than 20%.At this time,simple cooling measures cannot effectively restore activity,and it is necessary to re-inoculate the sludge or add nitrifying bacteria to achieve rapid recovery of ammonia nitrogen removal function.Therefore,in the landfill leachate treatment project,some measures should be taken to avoid aerobic activated sludge in high temperature environment above 40℃,such as setting cooling tower.