安义一次微型超级单体冰雹回波特征分析

Analysis of Echo Characteristics of a Mini Supercell Hail in Anyi

为了提高对微型超级单体冰雹回波的识别能力,使用天气资料、雷达拼图资料和PUP产品等资料,采用天气学、雷达气象学等原理及方法,对2022年3月14日安义微型超级单体冰雹进行回波特征分析,结果表明:1)微型超级单体可以产生冰雹、雷电、强降水、雷暴大风等灾害性天气。2)产生冰雹的大气层结极不稳定,并具备“上冷下暖”“上干下湿”显著特征;在冷锋、低槽、切变线等天气系统配合下,也有可能产生冰雹等强天气。3)冰雹回波强度达60 dBZ左右,有明显的云砧回波与强回波梯度,55 dBZ与60 dBZ强回波顶高达8 km和5 km,垂直积分液态水含量VIL达45~50 kg/m^(2),并伴有正负速度对特征。分析结果为安义早春冰雹天气的监测预警提供了分析依据。

In order to improve the recognition ability of micro supercell hail echo,weather data,radar mosaic data,PUP products and other data were used to analyze the echo characteristics of Anyi micro supercell hail on March 14,2022,using the principles and methods of weather science and radar meteorology.The results showed that:1)micro supercell can produce hail,lightning,heavy precipitation,thunderstorm and strong wind and other disastrous weather.2)The atmospheric stratification that produces hail is extremely unstable and has significant characteristics of“cold above and warm below”and“dry above and wet below”;Under the coordination of weather systems such as cold fronts,low troughs,and shear lines,strong weather such as hail may also occur.3)The intensity of hail echoes reaches around 60 dBZ,with obvious cloud anvil echoes and strong echo gradients.The peaks of 55 dBZ and 60 dBZ strong echoes reach 8 km and 5 km respectively,and the vertical integrated liquid water content VIL reaches 45-50 kg/m^(2),accompanied by positive and negative velocity pairs.The analysis results provide an analytical basis for monitoring and warning of early spring hail weather in Anyi.