先秦道家自然思想的生态诠释

Ecological Interpretation on the“Self-so Idea”in Pre-Qin Daoism

先秦道家文化蕴含着丰富的生态内涵,学习、吸收道家的生态思想、生态智慧,对于缓解人与自然关系、化解生态危机具有极高的借鉴和参考意义。道家主张“万物平等”,并以“天父地母”“物无贵贱”的生态伦理思想进行具体阐明,从而对万物进行情感观照,扩展了生态伦理范围;道家推崇“道法自然”,要求管理者去除私心,顺应事物自然本性进行管理;道家强调“以道驭技”,反对带有功利色彩的世俗之知、工具之技,提倡“道”“技”结合的体道之知、通道之技,对科技进行生态化思考;道家强调“知止知足”,提倡人类返璞归真,寻求内心的宁静与安稳。

The pre-Qin Daoism contains rich ecological connotations.Learning and absorbing Daoist ecological thoughts and wisdom is extremely significant alleviating the tension between humans and nature and resolving ecological crises.Daoism advocates for“universal equality”and elaborates on the ecological ethics of“heavenly father and earthly mother”and“universal equality without nobleness or meanness”,thus providing emotional contemplation to everything and expanding the scope of ecological ethics;Daoism advocates the principle of“following nature”and requires managers to eliminate selfishness and to follow the nature for management;Daoism emphasizes the use of the Dao to govern technology,opposes utilitarian secular knowledge and instrumental skills,advocates the fundamental knowledge with a combination of Dao,technology and skills,and carries out ecological thinking on technology;Daoism emphasizes the concept of“moderation and contentment”,advocating simplicity,inner peace and stability.