高龄骨性关节炎患者的健康素养现况及相关影响因素

Current status of health literacy and related influencing factors in very old osteoarthritis patients

目的分析高龄骨性关节炎患者的健康素养现况及相关影响因素分析。方法借助便利性抽样调研法,将2022年6月至12月于海口市人民医院就诊的90例高龄骨性关节炎患者做为观察对象。收集患者的一般资料,采用慢性病健康素养问卷对骨性关节炎高龄患者的健康素养进行量化评价。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用t检验、方差分析及χ2检验。采用多元线性回归分析影响高龄骨性关节炎患者健康素养的相关因素。结果本研究共发放90份问卷,回收有效问卷82份。82例高龄骨性关节炎患者健康素养量表总分为(93.0±6.7)分,其中信息沟通维度的条目均分最高(4.5±1.1)分,获取信息能力维度的条目均分最低(3.4±1.2)分。不同性别、学历层次、婚姻情况、居留地、家庭人均月收入、疾病持续时间、患者健康素养得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析提示,性别(β=-0.153;P=0.014)、婚姻情况(β=-0.179;P=0.006)、受教育水平(β=0.438;P<0.001)、疾病持续时间(β=-0.018;P=0.002)等因素是影响高龄骨性关节炎患者健康素养的高危因子,可解释方程总变量的62.1%。结论高龄骨性关节炎患者的健康素养水平相对较弱,而性别、婚姻情况、学历层次、疾病持续时间等因素是影响高龄骨性关节炎患者健康素养的相关因素。

Objective To survey the current status of health literacy and related influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 90 elderly osteoarthritis patients treated in Haikou People's Hospital from June 2022 to December 2022 were subjected with convenient sampling.Their general data were collected,and the health literacy was investigated and quantized with health literacy questionnaire for chronic disease patients.SPSS statistics 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Intergroup comparison was performed using students't test,analysis of variance or Chi-square test depending on data type.Multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for health literacy in elderly osteoarthritis patients.Results After 90 questionnaires were distributed,82 valid questionnaires were recovered.For the 82 participants,the average total score of health literacy scale was(93.0±6.7)points,with the highest average score of dimension of information communication of(4.5±1.1)points and the lowest average score of dimension of information acquisition ability of(3.4±1.2)points.The differences in health literacy scores among patients of different gender,education level,marital status,residence place,per capita monthly families income,and duration of illness were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that gender(β=-0.153;P=0.014),marital status(β=-0.179;P=0.006),education level(β=0.438;P<0.001)and disease duration(β=-0.018;P=0.002)were high-risk factors affecting health literacy in elderly patients with osteoarthritis,which could explain 62.1% of the total variables in the equation.Conclusion Elderly patients with osteoarthritis have quite low health literacy.Gender,marital status,education level and disease duration are related factors affecting the health literacy in them.