辣椒重组自交系群体果实和叶形性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Fruit and Leaf Shape Traits in the RIL Population of Peppers

通过朝天椒D71和甜椒D72组合构建辣椒重组自交系(recombiant inbred line,RIL),测定2种不同生长环境下RIL群体的单果质量、果长、果肩宽、果宽、果实硬度、果肉厚、果柄粗、叶宽和叶长共9个性状,分析其遗传规律。结果表明,多数性状在2种生长环境下的偏度系数和峰度系数的绝对值均小于1,表明这些性状具有典型的数量性状特征,说明群体各性状受多基因控制的影响。各性状变异系数平均值为16.73%~52.06%,其中单果质量的变异系数平均值最大,为52.06%,而叶长最小,仅为16.73%。群体性状遗传力范围为42.03%~51.21%,其中果实多个性状间均呈显著或极显著正相关,而果实硬度与其他性状呈显著或极显著负相关。在不同生长环境下,群体在E1下性状表现力要好于E2,变异现象分析说明该RIL群体内部有丰富的遗传变异,遗传力分析表明辣椒果实性状受到基因型和环境型共同作用的影响,且受环境型影响略高于基因型影响。RIL群体在2种生长环境下的各性状分布均呈正态分布或近似正态分布,这些性状属于典型的数量性状遗传。以上结果可为辣椒新品种的选育提供参考。

Recombiant inbred line(RIL)was constructed by combination between pod pepper D71 and sweet pepper D72.This paper measured 9 characters of RIL population,including single fruit weight,fruit length,fruit shoulder width,fruit width,fruit hardness,pulp thickness,fruit stalk thickness,leaf width and leaf length under 2 different growing environments and also analyzed their genetic rules.The results showed that under 2 habitats the absolute values of skewness coefficient and kurtosis coefficient of majority traits were less than 1,indicating these traits had typical quantitative characteristics,and each population trait was affected by polygenic control.The average value of variation coefficient of each trait ranged from 16.73%-52.06%,in which the average value of variation coefficient of single fruit weight was the largest,being 52.06%,while that of leaf length was minimum,only 16.73%.The range of heritability of population traits was 42.03%-51.21%,of which there were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among many fruit traits.While,there were significant or extremely significant negative correlations between fruit hardness and the other traits.Under different growing environments,population trait expression under E1 was better than under E2.Analysis of variation phenomenon indicated that there was abundant genetic variation within this RIL population.Heritability analysis showed that the fruit traits of pepper were influenced by the combination effect of genotype and environment type,and the influence of environment type was slightly higher than that of genotype.The distribution of various characters of RIL population under these 2 growth environments all presented normal or approximately normal.These characters were typical quantitative trait inheritance.The above results can provide reference for selective breeding of new pepper varieties.