普及化阶段高等教育公平政策的国际演进——可持续发展的视角

International Evolution of Higher Education Equity Policies in the Era of Universalization:Sustainable Development Perspective

全球高等教育正加速迈向普及化,这一趋势为各国高等教育公平政策带来新的挑战。立足可持续发展视角,对高等教育公平政策较成熟的先进国家和地区进行比较研究具有重要意义。相比大众化时期,普及化阶段的各国高等教育公平政策在政策目标、价值导向、公平原则、参与主体、招生政策、资助政策以及策略手段上均有相似的转型趋势,但在具体路径的选择上各国则根据本国实际发展和人民需求做出多样化调整。我国高等教育公平政策多年来与可持续发展理念保持着较高程度的契合,走出了独具特色的创新发展之路,但在保持政策制定和执行的稳定性、保障资金的分配公平、提高高等教育服务的个性化与精细化、推动从入口到出口的全过程公平等方面可以更好地借鉴国际经验,进一步推动高等教育公平政策在普及化阶段的可持续演进。

Higher education across the globe is accelerating towards universalization,which poses new challenges to higher education equity policies in various countries.From the perspective of sustainable development,it is of great value to conduct comparative research on countries and regions with more mature and advanced higher education equity policies.Compared with the popularization period,higher education equity policies of various countries in the universalization stage have similar transformation trends in policy objectives,value orientation,equity principles,participants,enrollment policies,funding policies,and strategies.However,in the specific path selection,diversified adjustments are made based on the actual development and people's needs of the country.China's higher education equity policies have maintained a high degree of compatibility with sustainable development for many years and have embarked on a unique path of innovative development.However,international experience is necessary in maintaining the stability of policy formulation and implementation,ensuring the fair distribution of funds,improving the personalized and refined higher education services,and promoting the whole process of equity from entry to exit to promote the sustainable evolution of higher education equity policies in the era of universalization.