生长猪发酵棉籽粕消化能和代谢能的测定及预测模型的建立

Determination and Prediction Model Establishment of DigestibleEnergy and Metabolizable Energy of Fermented CottonseedMeal in Growing Pigs

本试验旨在测定发酵棉籽粕营养水平以及生长猪对其的消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME),并基于其所含的有效营养水平来建立生长猪发酵棉籽粕DE和ME预测模型。试验选取体重[(40~50)kg]相近且处于生长期的5头阉割健康雄性三元(杜×长×大)杂交生长猪,采用5×5完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂1个基础饲粮和4种发酵棉籽粕饲粮(添加不同来源的发酵棉籽粕替代基础饲粮中20%玉米和豆粕),并采用全收粪尿法和套算法测定生长猪对发酵棉籽粕的DE和ME,同时采用逐步回归法建立基于发酵棉籽粕有效营养水平对DE和ME的预测方程。结果表明:在风干状态下,4种发酵棉籽粕的总能(GE)及粗蛋白质(CP)、干物质(DM)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)、总磷(TP)、粗纤维(CF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和总淀粉(TS)含量分别为14.53~18.11 MJ/kg、46.59%~52.03%、88.57%~93.71%、7.98%~16.50%、0.51%~3.19%、0.22%~0.66%、0.40%~1.51%、10.26%~22.24%、16.33%~29.26%、27.34%~41.52%和0.34%~2.31%,平均值分别为16.73 MJ/kg、49.76%、91.62%、10.35%、1.36%、0.38%、1.04%、13.71%、19.75%、32.37%和0.94%。4种发酵棉籽粕的DE平均值为9.04 MJ/kg,ME平均值为8.21 MJ/kg。基于发酵棉籽粕有效营养水平,生长猪对发酵棉籽粕DE的最佳预测模型为DE=-24.161+0.667CP(R 2=0.97,P<0.05);ME的最佳预测模型为ME=-9.057+1.587DE+0.148ADF(R 2=1.00,P<0.05),ME=-13.344+1.472DE+0.158ADF+0.103CP(R 2=1.00,P<0.01)。由此可知,CP含量是造成DE和ME差异的主要原因,CP和ADF含量可作为生长猪发酵棉籽粕DE和ME的关键预测因子。

This experiment was conducted to determine the nutrient levels of fermented cottonseed meal and its digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)in growing pigs,and to establish the prediction model of DE and ME based on the effective nutrient levels of fermented cottonseed meal in growing pigs.Five castrated healthy male Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs with similar body weight of 40 to 50 kg were selected in the experiment and fed one basal diet and four kinds of fermented cottonseed meal diets(adding different sources of fermented cottonseed meal to replace 20%corn and soybean meal in the basal diet)in a 5×5 complete Latin square design,respectively.The DE and ME of fermented cottonseed meal in growing pigs were determined by total feces and urine collection method and substitution method,and the prediction equations of DE and ME based on the effective nutrient levels of fermented cottonseed meal were established by stepwise regression method.The results show that,on the air-dry basis,the gross energy(GE)and contents of crude protein(CP),dry matter(DM),crude ash(Ash),ether extract(EE),calcium(Ca),total phosphorus(TP),crude fiber(CF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and total starch(TS)of the four kinds of fermented cottonseed meals were 14.53 to 18.11 MJ/kg,46.59%to 52.03%,88.57%to 93.71%,7.98%to 16.50%,0.51%to 3.19%,0.22%to 0.66%,0.40%to 1.51%,10.26%to 22.24%,16.33%to 29.26%,27.34%to 41.52%and 0.34%to 2.31%,and the mean were 16.73 MJ/kg,49.76%,91.62%,10.35%,1.36%,0.38%,1.04%,13.71%,19.75%,32.37%and 0.94%,respectively.The average DE and ME values of the four fermented cottonseed meal were 9.04 and 8.21 MJ/kg,respectively.Based on the available nutrient levels of fermented cottonseed meal,the best prediction model of DE in growing pigs was DE=-24.161+0.667CP(R 2=0.97,P<0.05),and the best prediction models of ME was ME=-9.057+1.587DE+0.148ADF(R 2=1.00,P<0.05),ME=-13.344+1.472DE+0.158ADF+0.103CP(R 2=1.00,P<0.01).In conclusion,CP content was the main reason for the difference between DE and ME,and CP and ADF contents could be the key predictors of DE and ME of fermented cottonseed meal in growing pigs.