辣椒秸秆及其不同处理的青贮对羔羊饲喂效果评价

Evaluation of Feeding Effect of Pepper Straw and Its Silage with Different Treatments on Lambs

本试验通过研究辣椒秸秆及不同添加剂处理的青贮辣椒秸秆替代苜蓿干草对羔羊生长性能、消化代谢、瘤胃发酵及血清生化指标的影响,旨在评价其营养价值和饲喂效果。试验选取24只4月龄、体重为(31.13±1.63)kg的萨福克公羔羊,随机分成4组,每组6只。对照组(CK组)饲喂含15%苜蓿干草的饲粮,试验组则分别以风干辣椒秸秆(PS组)、植物乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌青贮辣椒秸秆(LP+BS组)和植物乳杆菌+糖蜜青贮辣椒秸秆(LP+M组)替代饲粮中全部的苜蓿干草。预试期10 d,正试期50 d。结果显示:1)PS组的平均干物质日采食量显著低于CK、LP+BS和LP+M组(P<0.05),平均日增重显著低于CK、LP+BS组(P<0.05),料重比显著高于CK、LP+BS组(P<0.05),而CK、LP+BS和LP+M组之间平均日干物质采食量、平均日增重和料重比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)PS组干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率显著低于CK、LP+BS和LP+M组(P<0.05),粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率显著低于LP+BS组(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率显著低于CK、LP+BS组(P<0.05),而CK、LP+BS和LP+M组之间DM、CP、NDF、ADF和EE表观消化率差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)PS组瘤胃液pH显著高于LP+BS和LP+M组(P<0.05),氨态氮浓度显著高于CK、LP+BS和LP+M组(P<0.05),总挥发性脂肪酸、丁酸浓度显著低于CK、LP+BS和LP+M组(P<0.05),乙酸浓度显著低于CK、LP+BS组(P<0.05);瘤胃液丙酸浓度4组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。4)除LP+BS组血清尿素氮含量显著低于CK、PS和LP+M组(P<0.05)外,4组之间其他血清生化指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上可知,添加植物乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌或植物乳杆菌+糖蜜制备的青贮辣椒秸秆可替代饲粮中全部苜蓿干草饲喂羔羊,且以植物乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌青贮辣椒秸秆的饲喂效果更好。

In this experiment,the effects of pepper straw and silage pepper straw treated with different additives instead of alfalfa hay on growth performance,digestion and metabolism,rumen fermentation and serum biochemical indexes of lambs were studied to evaluate their nutritional value and feeding effect.Twenty⁃four 4⁃month⁃old Suffolk male lambs with the body weight of(31.13±1.63)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 lambs in each group.Lambs in control group(CK group)were fed a diet containing 15%alfalfa hay,lambs in experimental groups were fed diets with air⁃dried pepper straw(PS group),Lactobacillus plan⁃tarum+Bacillus subtilis pepper straw silage(LP+BS group)and Lactobacillus plantarum+molasses pepper straw silage(LP+M group)instead of all alfalfa hay,respectively.The pre⁃test period was 10 days and the test period was 50 days.The results show as follows:1)the average daily dry matter intake in the PS group was significantly lower than that in the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),the average daily gain was significantly lower than that in the CK and LP+BS groups(P<0.05),and the feed/gain ratio was significantly higher than that in the CK and LP+BS groups(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in the av⁃erage daily dry matter intake,average daily gain and feed/gain ratio among the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P>0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and ether extract(EE)in the PS group was significantly lower than that in the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),the apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP)was significantly lower than that in the LP+BS group(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber(ADF)was significantly lower than that in the CK and LP+BS groups(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,NDF,ADF and EE among the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P>0.05).3)The pH of rumen fluid in the PS group were significantly higher than that in the LP+BS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),the ammonia nitro⁃gen concentration was significantly higher than that in the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),the total volatile fatty acids and butyric acid concentrations were significantly lower than those in the CK,LP+BS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),and the acetic acid concentration was significantly lower than that in the CK and LP+BS groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the propionic acid concentration among the four groups(P>0.05).4)Serum urea nitrogen content in the LP+BS group was significantly lower than that in the CK,PS and LP+M groups(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in other serum bio⁃chemical indexes among the 4 groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,pepper straw silage prepared by adding Lacto⁃bacillus plantarum+Bacillus subtilis or Lactobacillus plantarum+molasses,can replace all alfalfa hay in the diet for feeding lambs,and the feeding effect of Lactobacillus plantarum+Bacillus subtilis pepper straw silage is better.