基层医务人员医院感染防控知信行问卷调查

Questionnaire survey of knowledge,attitude and practice about prevention and control of nosocomial infection among grassroot health care workers

目的了解基层医务人员在经历新冠疫情后医院感染防控知信行现状,确定知识、态度、行为(KAP)的影响因素,为管理者制定感染防控方案提供依据。方法2021年12月利用“问卷星”软件对某三级综合性医院进行内容包括一般资料、感控知识、感控意识、感控行为四个部分的在线问卷调查,应用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。结果共722名(93.13%)医护人员参加了本项研究,基于问卷的调查,41.97%掌握感染防控知识,68.28%持有完全积极的医院感染防控态度,65.93%能够落实感控行为;在知识、态度、行为三个维度,分别进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示,岗位、科室、婚姻状况为基层医务人员医院感染防控知识的影响因素(P<0.05),年龄、职称、学历对感控态度有影响(P<0.05),仅科室为行为维度的影响因素(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析显示,医务人员医院感染防控知识与态度(r=0.403,P<0.001)、知识与行为(r=0.404,P<0.001)、态度与行为(r=0.308,P<0.001)之间均呈正性弱相关。结论本研究确定的KAP影响因素和相关性可用于医院管理者实施改善医院感染的防控措施,此外根据研究结果,可进一步探索医务人员感控知识的需求,设计合理的培训方案,提高医务人员的感控认知,从而培养积极的态度和行为。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of knowledge,attitude and practice(KPA)about preven-tion and control of nosocomial infection among the grassroots health care workers after COVID-19 pandemic so as to provide basis for formulating prevention and control programs.METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted in a tertiary general hospital by using"Questionnaire Star"applet in Dec,2021,the content included baseline data,knowledge of infection control,awareness of infection control and infection control behaviors.Sta-tistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 23.0 software.RESULTS A total of 722(93.13%)health care workers were involved in the survey,and the result of the survey showed that 41.97%of the health care workers fully grasped the infection control knowledge,68.28%held a completely positive attitude toward the infection control,and 65.93%were able to implement infection prevention and control behaviors.Multivariate logistic re-gression analysis was carried out on three dimensions of knowledge,attitude and practice,and the result showed that post,department and marriage status were the influencing factors for the knowledge about nosocomial infec-tion prevention and control(P<0.05),age,title and education background had the impact on the attitude toward infection control(P<0.05),the department was the only influencing factor for the practice dimension(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the knowledge about prevention and control of nosocomial infection showed weak positive correlation with the attitude(r=0.403,P<0.001),the knowledge showed weak positive correlation with the practice(r=0.404,P<0.001),and the attitude showed weak positive correlation with the practice(r=0.308,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The influencing factors and correlations of KAP can be used by the hospital managers to improve the prevention and control measures for nosocomial infection.The demand for the knowledge of infection control can be further explored based on the study result,reasonable training programs can be designed,and the awareness of infection control of the health care workers can be improved so as to cultivate the positive attitude and practice.