盐酸利托君、间苯三酚、硫酸镁用于孕20周后先兆流产患者的临床研究

Clinical trial of ritodrine hydrochloride,phloroglucinol and magnesium sulfate in patients with threatened abortion after 20 gestational weeks

目的观察盐酸利托君、间苯三酚、硫酸镁对孕20周后先兆流产患者血清性激素水平和保胎效果的影响。方法将保胎治疗的先兆流产(孕20周后)患者按队列法分为A组(予以盐酸利托君注射液100 mg+5%葡萄糖注射液500 mL,静脉滴注,宫缩抑制后持续滴注12~18 h,之后改为口服盐酸利托君片)、B组(予以间苯三酚注射液40 mg+5%葡萄糖葡萄糖注射液500 mL,静脉滴注,宫缩抑制后停药)和C组(予以硫酸镁注射液20 mL+5%葡萄糖注射液100 mL,快速静脉滴注后再次给予硫酸镁注射液40 mL+5%葡萄糖注射液500 mL,静脉滴注,宫缩抑制后持续滴注12 h)。观察3组患者起效时间和宫缩消失时间、血清性激素水平[孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E2)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素β-亚基(β-hCG)]、药物不良反应、保胎有效率。结果A组40例,B组38例,C组42例。A组、B组和C组的起效时间分别为(1.71±0.34)、(2.29±0.23)和(4.51±1.12)h,组间两两比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。A组、B组和C组的宫缩消失时间分别为(1.34±0.32)、(2.24±0.26)和(2.36±0.28)d,B组、C组与A组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3 d后,A组、B组和C组的血清P水平分别为(78.64±10.34)、(69.35±10.52)和(68.76±11.13)ng·mL^(-1),E2水平分别为(672.25±85.63)、(623.25±92.31)和(624.12±93.65)pg·mL^(-1),β-hCG水平分别为(6.95×10^(4)±1258.65)、(6.75×10^(4)±1274.43)和(6.70×10^(4)±1327.59)mU·mL^(-1),B组、C组与A组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。A组、B组、C组的心悸发生率分别为25.00%、0、9.52%,A组与B组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);头痛发生率分别为2.50%、2.63%、26.19%,C组与A组和B组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);乏力的发生率分别为5.00%、0、19.05%,C组与B组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);胃肠道不适的发生率分别为5.00%、0、11.90%,C组与B组比较在统计学上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组、B组和C组的保胎有效率分别为92.50%、94.74%和73.81%,A组、B组与C组比较在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论盐酸利托君的起效时间短,可作为控制病情的首选,间苯三酚在保胎效果上与盐酸利托君相当,且在药物不良反应中具有优势,临床对于盐酸利托君使用耐受不佳的患者可优先考虑间苯三酚。

Objective To observe the effects of ritodrine hydrochloride,phloroglucinol and magnesium sulfate on serum sex hormones and fetal pro tec tion effect in patients with threatened abortion after 20 gestational weeks.Methods Patients with threatened abortion(after 20 gestational weeks)underwent fetal protection treatment were retrospectively enrolled.According to cohort method,they were divided into group A(ritodrine hydrochloride injection 100 mg+5%glucose injection 500 mL for intravenous drip,continued infusion after uterine contraction inhibition for 12-18 h,oral ritodrine hydrochloride tablets),group B(of phloroglucinol injection 40 mg+5%glucose injection 500 mL for intravenous drip,drug withdrawal after uterine contraction inhibition)and group C(magnesium sulfate injection 20 mL+5%glucose injection 100 mL,magnesium sulfate injection 40 mL+5%glucose injection 500 mL for intravenous drip after rapid intravenous drip,continued infusion after uterine contraction inhibition for 12 h).The onset time,disappearance time of uterine contraction,levels of serum sex hormones[progesterone(P),estradiol(E2),human chorionic gonadotrophinβ-subunit(β-hCG)],adverse drug reactions and response rate of fetal protection in the three groups were observed.Results There were 40 cases in group A,38 cases in group B and 42 cases in group C.The onset time in group A,group B and group C were(1.71±0.34),(2.29±0.23)and(4.51±1.12)h,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The disappearance time of uterine contraction in groups A,B and C were(1.34±0.32),(2.24±0.26)and(2.36±0.28)d,and the difference between group B and group A,between group C and group A were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After 3 d of treatment,levels of serum P in group A,group B and group C were(78.64±10.34),(69.35±10.52)and(68.76±11.13)ng·mL^(-1);E2 levels were(672.25±85.63),(623.25±92.31)and(624.12±93.65)pg·mL^(-1);β-hCG levels were(6.95×10^(4)±1258.65),(6.75×10^(4)±1274.43)and(6.70×10^(4)±1327.59)mU·mL^(-1);the difference between group B and group A,between group C and group A were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The incidence rates of palpitation in groups A,B and C were 25.00%,0 and 9.52%,the difference between group A and group B was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rates of headache in groups A,B and C were 2.50%,2.63%and 26.19%;the difference between group A and group C,and between group B and group C was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rates of fatigue in groups A,B and C were 5.00%,0 and 19.05%,and the difference between group B and group C was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rates of gastrointestinal discomfort were 5.00%,0 and 11.90%,and the difference between group B and group C was statistically significant(all P<0.05).The response rates of fetal protection in groups A,B and C were 92.50%,94.74%and 73.81%,and the difference between group A and group C,between group B and group C was statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The onset time of ritodrine hydrochloride is short,which can be the first choice for disease control.Phloroglucinol is comparable to ritodrine hydrochloride in terms of fetal protection effect,which has better advantages in adverse drug reactions.Clinically,phloroglucinol can be considered for patients with poor tolerance to ritodrine hydrochloride.