探讨血液生化检验指标及铁代谢指标对缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的鉴别诊断价值

To Explore the Value of Blood Biochemical Test and Iron Metabolism Index in the Differential Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Thalassemia

目的探讨血液生化检验指标及铁代谢指标对缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的鉴别诊断价值。方法选择2021年2月至2023年2月期间医院接收的缺铁性贫血患者90例、地中海贫血患者90例和健康无贫血者90例作为研究对象,分别检测不同贫血严重程度患者血常规指标和铁代谢指标,包括红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、血清铁(SI)、可溶性转铁蛋白受体(s TfR),比较3组检测结果。结果与健康组比较,地中海贫血RDW、SI、sTfR、Hb、RBC降低,SF升高,缺铁性贫血RDW、sTfR升高,Hb、RBC、SF、SI降低(P<0.05);地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血比较,缺铁性贫血RDW、sTfR明显更高(P<0.05),Hb、SF、SI明显更低(P<0.05),而RBC比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血常规及铁代谢指标可进行贫血诊断,而且可依据各指标的变化幅度进行缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的鉴别,为临床诊治提供可靠的依据。

Objective To explore the value of blood biochemical test and iron metabolism index in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia.Methods A total of 90 patients with iron deficiency anemia,90 patients with thalassemia and 90 healthy people without anemia admitted to the hospital between February 2021 and February 2023 were selected as study subjects.Blood routine indexes and iron metabolism indexes,including red blood cell distribution width(RDW),hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),serum ferritin(SF),serum iron(SI)and soluble transferrin receptor(sTfR),were detected in patients with different severity of anemia,and the results of the three groups were compared.Results Compared with healthy group,RDW,SI,sTfR,Hb and RBC were decreased and SF was increased in thalassemia,RDW and sTfR were increased in iron deficiency anemia,and Hb,RBC,SF and SI were decreased(P<0.05).RDW and sTfR were higher in thalassemia than in iron deficiency anemia(P<0.05),Hb,SF and SI were lower in iron deficiency anemia(P<0.05),while RBC was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions Blood routine and iron metabolism indexes can be used for the diagnosis of anemia,and iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia can be distinguished according to the range of changes in each index,and the severity of anemia can be judged,which provides reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment,and has high research value.