中国城市间食品价格水平测度及空间相依性研究

Measurement and Spatial Dependence of Food Price Level among Chinese Cities

本文利用全国29个城市106种同质可比规格品的电商平台价格数据,基于世界银行国际比较项目的两步法测算框架,测算我国城市层面的食品价格水平,并对其空间分布特征、相依模式及影响因素进行深入研究。研究发现,样本城市总体食品价格水平存在显著差异;生鲜类食品在城市间的价格水平差异较大,而包装类食品的价格水平差异较小;通过对基期测算数据进行外推发现,2001—2021年间,样本城市的食品价格水平有收敛趋势。基于空间视角的研究发现,食品价格水平呈现出一定的城市群聚集效应;与地理空间相关性相比,城市间食品价格水平的经济空间相关性更强;城市的食品价格水平很大程度上取决于其经济发展水平,并受相近发展水平城市的空间外溢影响。研究结论表明,为有效提升政策的精准性,在制定最低工资标准、最低生活保障以及收入分配等政策时应充分考虑地区价格水平差异。

Based on the two-step measurement framework of the World Bank International Comparison Program,this paper uses the price data of 106 homogeneous and comparable products in 29 cities collected from the e-commerce platform to calculate the food price level at the city level in China.The spatial distribution characteristics,interdependence patterns and influencing factors of the food price level have been studied in depth.It finds that there are significant differences in the overall food price level between cities.The price levels of fresh food vary greatly between cities,while the price levels of packaged food vary much less between cities.During 2001-2021,the food price levels between cities show a trend of convergence.Studies based on the spatial perspective show that food price level presents a certain effect of urban agglomeration.Compared with geographic spatial correlation,food price levels between cities show a stronger economic spatial correlation.Food price level of a city is largely determined by its level of economic development and affected by the spatial spillover of cities with similar development levels.The conclusions indicate that in order to effectively improve the accuracy of policy making related to minimum wage standard,basic living allowance,and income distribution,regional price level differences should be taken into consideration.