乡村社会主体性的双重结构及其动力机制——以一个环保公益组织的实践为例

The Dual Structure of Rural Social Subjectivity and Its Catalyst:A Case Study of an Environmental NGO and Its Practices

本文基于质性研究材料,采用现象学社会学的理论视角以及过程一事件的研究方法,以一个环保公益组织的“社区互助金”项目的实践遭遇为研究对象,试图从生活世界的角度来理解中国乡村社会的主体性。本文发现当地富有历史内涵的家庭、家族和作为整体的村庄是乡村社会主体性的主要承载形式,其特点是在社会空间维度上的结构性弥散和在社会时间一历史维度上的承续性,其动力则来自乡村社会中的伦理关系与道德习俗所激发出的情理。

Based on the materials from qualitative studies,this paper adopts the theoretical perspective of phenomenological sociology and employs the process-event method,and takes the case inspired by the environmental protection initiatives of an NGO,particularly focusing on their Program of Community Mutual Fund,in an attempt to gain insights into the subjectivity of the Chinese rural society from the perspective of the structure of the life world.Through case studies,this paper reveals that the social space as a whole and the historical context of families,clans and villages are the primary vehicles of the subjectivity of local societies,which is characterized by structural dispersion across the social space and continuity in the socio-temporal-historical dimension.Emotions and reasons from these ethical relationships and moral practices within these local communities serves as catalysts for shaping this subjectivity.