近代蛋业贸易中的收购机制

Acquisition Mechanism in Modern Egg

20世纪初,蛋业作为新兴的行业,其原材料的收购过程一般由蛋贩进入乡村直接进行收买,将蛋类转运至集市或直接售卖至蛋行(栈)、蛋号、鸡子店等机构,再由这些机构运往蛋厂加工或二次售卖。随着蛋业贸易的发展,部分资本雄厚的蛋厂及少量蛋行试图压缩收购成本,减少交易环节,在产地设置蛋庄直接向蛋贩收货。蛋业中的鲜蛋资源收购方式虽然在市场配置与企业配置之间不断进行调试,但始终难以越过蛋贩这一基层中间商。由于传统商业市场惯习与基层社会结构的稳定,这一机制可以在有限的范围内扩展近代社会的商业功能,但最终并未形成一种高度组织化、科层化的制度安排,无法从源头上控制蛋类的生产与收购。

At the beginning of the 20th century,the egg industry was an emerging industry.The acquisition process of its raw materials was generally carried out by egg sellers entering the countryside to buy directly,chicken shops and other institutions,these organizations will transport them to egg factories for processing or secondary sales.With the development of egg trade,some well-capitalized egg factories and a small number of egg shops are trying to reduce acquisition costs and reduce transaction links.Although the acquisition of fresh egg resources in the egg industry market is constantly debugged between market allocation and enterprise allocation,it is always difficult to complete the acquisition across the most basic middleman,the egg seller.Due to the traditional commercial market habits and the stability of the grassroots social structure,this mechanism can expand the commercial functions of modern society within a limited scope,but it has not formed a highly organized and bureaucratic institutional arrangement,and cannot be derived from the source.Control the production and acquisition of eggs.