战国时代《诗》《书》文体的模拟与破体

The Imitation and Variants of the Genre of Shi and Shu in the WarringStates Period

战国时代,知识阶层在研习《诗》《书》等经典的基础上,创作出模拟《诗》《书》文体的篇章,这种模拟行为表明当时人们对《诗》《书》的文体体式已有较明晰的认识,反映了文体观念的逐步自觉。上博简《交交鸣乌》《多薪》当是对《诗》的模拟,上博简《卉茅之外》《李颂》以及《楚辞·橘颂》则是在模拟《诗》的基础上的新变,为楚辞之先声。清华简《保训》可视作对《书》的模拟。在经典传承基础上的“尊体”与“破体”,促成了战国时代的“文体突破”。

In the Warring States Period,on the basis of studying the classics like Shi and Shu,the intellectuals created literary works that imitated the genre of Shi and Shu,which showed that people had a clear understanding of the genre of Shi and Shu at the time,and reflected the genre conception gradually became self-conscious."Jiao Jiao Ming Wu"and"Duo Xin"of Shanghai Museum Bamboo Manuscripts were the imitations of Shi."Hui Mao Zhi Wai"and"Li Song"of Shanghai Museum Bamboo Manuscripts,and"Ju Song"of Chuci were new changes based on the imitation of Shi,which were the precursors of the Songs of Chu."Bao Xun"of Tsinghua manuscripts was the simulation of Shi.The Zunti and Poti based on the inheritance of classics and contributed to the breakthrough in genre of the Warring States period.