交通改善、产业链贸易与区域生产网络

Traffic Improvement,Industrial Chain Trade,and Regional Production Network

理论上,交通改善能够促进企业间贸易与产业间的分工合作,进而形成区域乃至全国性生产网络。本文利用福建省企业增值税发票数据构建了产业链关联变量,考察了高速公路对省内企业间产业分工与产业链形成的影响,有以下发现:首先,高速公路促进了企业的产业间销售,加深了与产业链企业的贸易联系,并提升了销售对象的产业多样性;其次,上游企业贸易对下游企业贸易有显著推动作用,而且上述结果在考虑内生性以及可能产生估计偏误的情形下保持稳健;最后,对不同产业以及生产网络中心度的异质性分析发现,交通改善对制造业下游的产业影响强于服务业,而且高速公路能够带动生产网络中的弱势产业,从而降低网络的结构失衡。

In theory,traffic improvement promotes inter-enterprise trade and inter-industry divi-sion and cooperation,and then forms regional and even national production network.This paper uses the enterprise value-added tax invoice data of Fujian Province to construct the variable of industrial chain correlation,and measures characteristic variables of industrial production net-work,so as to investigate the influence of highways on industrial division among enterprises and the formation of industrial chain in Fujian Province.First of all,this paper finds that highways promote the inter-industry sales of enterprises,deepen the trade relationship with enterprises closely related to the industry,and improve industrial diversity of sales objects,but have no sig-nificant impact on the intra-industry sales.Secondly,this paper identifies the relation between the sales of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain,and finds that the trade of upstream enterprises has a significantly promoting effect on the trade of downstream enterpri-ses.Moreover,the above results remain robust in the estimation of instrumental variables consid-ering endogeneity.Thirdly,this paper conducts alternative sample estimation for four possible cases that may cause estimation bias,and the results of industrial division and industry chain sales baseline estimation are still robust.Finally,this paper analyzes the heterogeneity of differ-ent industries and the centrality of production network,and finds that the traffic improvement has a significant impact on the downstream industries of manufacturing industry,while has a small impact on the service industry,and the sales promotion of upstream and downstream enterprises mainly appears in the manufacturing industry.As for industries with low network centrality,traffic improvement has a significantly positive impact on the sales,indicating that highways drive weak industries in the production network,thus weakening the structural imbalance of the network.