间充质干细胞及其旁分泌途径在软骨退行性疾病治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Their Paracrine Pathways in Treatment of Cartilage Degenerative Disorders

间充质干细胞(MSC)是一类多功能干细胞,具备自我更新、多向分化、旁分泌和外泌体(Exos)分泌等特性。它们在椎间盘退变和骨关节炎(OA)治疗中备受关注。MSC通过释放生长因子和Exos促进细胞代谢和软骨细胞增殖,改善基质合成。此外,MSC还能抑制炎症反应、促进软骨修复和抑制骨质破坏,为改善OA病情提供新思路。但MSC治疗仍面临诸多挑战,包括来源不清、治疗剂量和长期效果不明确等。未来应深入研究MSC的分子机制、开发更有效的治疗策略以及进行大规模临床试验,以验证其疗效和安全性。

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC),a type of versatile stem cells,have the characteristics such as self-renewal,multi-lineage differentiation,paracrine secretion,and exosomes(Exos)release.They have received significant attention in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritis(OA).MSC promote cell metabolism and chondrocyte proliferation by releasing growth factors and Exos,improving matrix synthesis.In addition,MSC can also inhibit inflammatory reactions,promote cartilage repair,and inhibit bone destruction,providing new ideas for improving the OA condition.However,MSC therapy still faces numerous challenges,including uncertain sources,unclear treatment dosage and long-term efficacy etc.In the future,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the molecular mechanisms of MSC,develop more effective treatment strategies,and conduct large-scale clinical trials to verify their efficacy and safety.