表观遗传修饰对ABO基因表达影响的研究进展

Research Progress in Effect of Epigenetic Modifications on ABO Gene Expression

ABO血型的精准鉴定对临床安全输血至关重要。血清学和基因分型技术的应用使疑难血型鉴定问题得到一定程度的解决,但临床仍有表型与基因型不匹配的问题存在,影响血型鉴定和有效输血。表观遗传修饰是调控基因表达的重要方式,包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA调控。ABO基因的表达受到表观遗传机制的调控,因此表观遗传修饰对ABO基因表达的影响可能是这部分血型难以鉴定的分子机制之一。DNA甲基化水平对ABO基因表达影响的研究较多,但有关其他表观遗传修饰机制的研究较少,尤其是多种类型的非编码RNA被发现,它们对ABO基因表达的调控机制需要更多的研究进行探讨。

Accurate identification of ABO blood types is crucial to the safety of clinical blood transfusion.The application of serological and genotyping techniques has allowed the problem of difficult blood group identification to be solved to some extent,but the problem of phenotype-genotype mismatch still exists in the clinic,which affects the identification of blood groups and the effective blood transfusion.Epigenetic modifications are important mechanisms to regulate gene expression,including DNA methylation,histone modifications and non-coding RNAs regulation.The expression of ABO gene is regulated by epigenetic mechanism,so the effect of epigenetic modification on ABO gene expression may be one of the molecular mechanisms that make it difficult to identify the blood groups.There have been many studies on the effect of DNA methylation levels on the expression of ABO genes,but there is relatively little research on other epigenetic modification mechanisms,especially the discovery of various types of non-coding RNAs,which require more research to explore their regulatory mechanisms on ABO gene expression.