晚期阿尔茨海默病患者家庭照护者对缓和医疗需求及相关因素分析

Analysis of palliative care needs and related factors of family caregivers of patients with advanced Alzheimer’s disease

目的探讨缓和医疗在晚期阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者家庭主要照护者中的需求及其影响因素。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月该院记忆门诊确诊的148例晚期AD患者的家庭主要照护者为研究对象,采用自行设计的缓和医疗需求问卷进行调查及统计分析。结果主要照护者对缓和医疗需求总分为(91.88±15.19)分,得分指标66.57%。得分指标最高为专业医疗照护指导需求,最低为社会支持需求,不同年龄、教育程度、与患者关系、照护经验、亲朋离世、家庭年收入、医疗支付方式、身体状况照护者的缓和医疗需求得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、与患者关系、照护经验是家庭主要照护者对缓和医疗需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论晚期AD患者家庭主要照护者对缓和医疗需求程度高,急需加强缓和医疗服务。

Objective To explore the needs and influencing factors of palliative care among primary caregivers in families of patients with advanced Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods The main caregivers of 148 patients with advanced AD who were diagnosed at the Memory Clinic of this hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were randomly selected as the research subjects.A self-designed questionnaire on palliative care needs was used for investigation and statistical analysis.Results The total score of the main caregivers for palliative medical needs was(91.88±15.19),with a score indicator of 66.57%.The highest score indicator was the demand for professional medical care guidance,and the lowest was the demand for social support.There were statistical differences in the scores of palliative medical care needs of caregivers with different ages,education level,relationship with patients,nursing experience,death of relatives and friends,annual family income,medical payment method and physical condition(P<0.05).The results of linear regression analysis showed that education level,relationship with patients and nursing experience were the influencing factors of family caregivers’easing medical needs(P<0.05).Conclusion The main caregivers of advanced AD patients have a high demand for palliative care,and there is an urgent need to strengthen palliative care services.