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操纵水稻叶片SHR和生长素诱导水稻类C_(4)叶脉分布样式产生

Creating a C_(4)-like vein pattern in rice by manipulating SHORT ROOT and auxin levels
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摘要 C_(4)植物叶片的维管束表现出独特的花环结构,该结构由位于内层的维管束鞘细胞和外层的叶肉细胞组成,赋予C_(4)植物拥有相比于C_(3)植物更高的光合速率.目前已鉴定到60多种独立的花环结构变体,暗示花环结构经历了趋同进化.高效的C_(4)光合作用依赖于C_(4)植物叶片高的叶脉与叶肉细胞比——这也是C_(4)演化的关键.然而,高叶脉密度形成的机制仍然未知,这阻碍了将C_(4)性状引入C_(3)作物的工程化改造.前人尝试通过在水稻叶片中过量表达调控C_(4)玉米叶脉模式的多种因子,但未能成功诱导出类C_(4)叶脉分布样式的叶片.在本研究中,我们发现在水稻和玉米中过量表达SHORT ROOT(SHR)有助于促进叶肉细胞的分裂,增加相邻叶脉间的细胞数量.水稻和玉米的SHR多突变体叶片的叶肉细胞分裂减少,相邻叶脉之间的叶肉细胞数量显著降低.通过增加C_(3)水稻叶片中SHR和处理生长素,我们在水稻中成功诱导产生了类C_(4)叶脉分布样式的叶片,对C_(3)作物的工程化改造具有重要意义. Plants with C_(4) photosynthesis have drastically improved solar energy conversion efficiency as well as soil nitrogen-and wateruse efficiency compared to C_(3) plants[1,2].Highly efficient C_(4) photosynthesis relies on a high vein-to-mesophyll cell ratio(Kranz anatomy),which represents an early and critical step in C_(4) evolution[1,3].However,little is known about the mechanisms underlying the formation of Kranz anatomy,which has hindered attempts to engineer C_(4) photosynthesis in C crops in the past decades.
作者 董文涛 常天根 戴慧玲 杨卫兵 苏语 晁代印 朱新广 王鹏 于楠 王二涛 Wentao Dong;Tiangen Chang;Huiling Dai;Weibing Yang;Yu Su;Daiyin Chao;Xin-Guang Zhu;Peng Wang;Nan Yu;Ertao Wang(New Cornerstone Science Laboratory,National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,SIBS,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences,College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;School of Life Science and Technology,Shanghai Tech University,Shanghai 201210,China;National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology,CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China)
机构地区 New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences School of Life Science and Technology National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics
出处 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第24期3133-3136,M0004,共5页 科学通报（英文版）
基金 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32088102,31730103,31825003,32050081,and 31870218) the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-011) the Strategic Priority Research Program “Molecular Mechanism of Plant Growth and Development”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27040207) the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0904703 and 2016YFA0500502) the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(20202022QNRC001/2/3)。
关键词 维管束鞘细胞 叶肉细胞 水稻叶片 生长素 趋同进化 叶脉密度 光合作用 花环结构
分类号 S511 [农业科学—作物学]
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2023年 第24期

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