摘要
中子星的性质研究是物质科学的一个重要的前沿课题,可通过天文观测、重离子碰撞等不同的方式进行研究.理论物理学家预测了超子可能存在于中子星中,所以超子-核子的相互作用对描述高密度区核物质状态方程非常重要.作为超子-核子团簇的超核自然而然就构成了理解超子-核子相互作用的基石.实验上,近10余年来在重离子碰撞中对已知最轻超核,超氚核及反超氚核的寿命、质量和结合能的测量引起了人们对于这个主题的兴趣.在重离子碰撞中,研究人员还测量了超氚核的截面和集体流参数,这些新的测量结果也揭示了其产生机制的新特征.本文总结了超氚核的新测量结果,着重点评了重离子碰撞领域的新实验数据,并讨论这些测量结果在描述超氚核性质以及约束超子-核子相互作用理论模型的作用.
The hyperon-nucleon(Y-N)interaction is important for the description of the equation-of-state of high baryon density matter.Hypernuclei,the cluster object of nucleons and hyperons,serve as cornerstones of a full understanding of the Y-N interaction.Recent measurements of the lightest known hypernucleus,the hypertriton’s(_(∧)^(3)H)and anti-hypertriton’s(_(∧)^(3)H)lifetime,mass and K separation energy have attracted interests on the subject.Its cross section and collective flow parameters have also been measured in heavy-ion collisions,which have revealed new features on its production mechanism.In this article we summarise recent measurements of _(∧)^(3)H,focusing on the heavy-ion collisions.We will discuss their implications for the _(∧)^(3)H properties and the constrains on the Y-N interaction models.
作者
陈金辉
董昕
马余刚
许长补
Jinhui Chen;Xin Dong;Yu-Gang Ma;Zhangbu Xu(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(Ministry of Education),Institute of Modern Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,Berkeley CA 94720,USA;Brookhaven National Laboratory,Upton NY 11973,USA)
基金
supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1604900)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(12025501)
supposed in part by the NSFC(11890710,11890714,and 12147101)
funded by the U.S.DOE Office of Science(DEsc0012704,DE-FG02-10ER41666,DE-AC02-98CH10886,and DEKB0201022)。
