Design considerations for re-functionalizing electrocatalytic materials

Electrocatalytic materials are a critical bottleneck for the development of new energy economics.This review summarizes the unique physicochemical properties of topological,magnetic,and rare earth materials and their applications in the functionalization of electrocatalysts.Topological materials have unique band structures and geometric structures,and the interface difference in charge transport structures can give rise to topological insulators,topological superconductors,and Dirac metals.Magnetic materials possess distinctive electron spin-splitting configurations,and varying spin strengths induce disparate impacts on the intermediate equilibrium adsorption capability.Rare earth materials have unique f-electron roaming properties,broad atomic radius,and f-orbital configurations,which typically confer notable advantages in oxygen reduction reactions.Furthermore,the catalytic performance exhibits significant differences under an external alternating electric,thermal,and magnetic field.These new materials show great potential in the re-functionalization of electrocatalytic materials and are expected to lead the development of the next generation of emerging energy materials.