基于摩擦学的温拌沥青润滑性能评价方法与影响研究进展

Evaluation Method and Influence Factor of Lubrication Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt based on Tribology

为准确认识温拌技术对沥青及混合料工作性的改善机理,通过对境内外文献的搜集与整理,探析旋转黏度法在评价温拌沥青降温效果方面的不足,基于摩擦学理论总结了现有温拌沥青润滑性能试验方法,并评述不同试验方法的特点,最后分析不同温拌技术对沥青润滑性能的影响差异。结果表明:温拌技术降温机理差异性、矿料间沥青状态的特殊性及黏度对剪切速率的依赖性,是导致旋转黏度法无法准确评价温拌沥青工作性改善的重要原因。4球摩擦试验、球-板摩擦试验和沥青边界润滑试验均能评价温拌技术对沥青润滑性能的改善效果,但沥青边界润滑试验中的摩擦副材料及结合料状态与真实状况更符合;不同温拌技术对沥青润滑性能的改善效果优劣为表面活性温拌技术>机械发泡温拌技术>有机添加剂温拌技术。

To accurately understand the improvement effect of warm mix technology on workability of asphalt and asphalt mixture,the domestic and foreign literatures are collected and sorted.The deficiency of rotational viscosity method used to evaluate temperature reduction of warm mix asphalt is analyzed.The current testing methods for lubrication performance of warm mix asphalt are summarized based on tribological theory,and the characteristics of different testing methods is commented.Finally the influence of different warm mix technology on lubrication performance of asphalt is analyzed.The results show that the reason of rotational viscosity method not used to evaluate workability of warm mix asphalt is attributed to temperature reduction of different warm mix technology,particularity of asphalt state between mineral aggregate and mineral aggregate and dependence of viscosity on shear rate.The improvement effect of warm mix technology on lubrication performance of asphalt is evaluated by the asphalt lubricity test,ball-plate friction test and asphalt boundary lubrication test,but the friction pair material and state of asphalt are in greater conformity with true state in the asphalt boundary lubrication test.The improvement effect of selected warm mix technology on lubrication performance of asphalt is different,specifically as follows:surfactant warm mix technology>mechanical foaming warm mix technology>warm mix technology of organic additive.