山东省典型服务区运营期碳排放特征及减排对策

Carbon Emission Characteristics and Emission Reduction Strategies during the Operation Period of Typical Service Areas in Shandong Province

高速公路服务区是公路运营阶段重要的碳排放来源之一,通过开展服务区运营期碳排放核算可充分掌握服务区碳排放水平和结构特征,从而有针对性地指导服务区节能低碳发展。首先界定了服务区运营期碳排放边界范围,基于排放因子法提出了服务区运营期碳排放计算方法。基于服务区所在地区、功能属性、运营情况等不同因素,选取了山东省20个服务区,计算了2019年~2021年度碳排放情况。研究结果表明:山东省不同服务区年均碳排放量差异巨大,从2019年到2021年碳排放总量分别在39.08~1519.63、51.13~1812.36和30.80~1427.62t之间;在碳排放结构方面,电力消耗导致的间接碳排放占比最高,2019年到2021年比例分别达到了76.53%、85.81%和87.64%。此外,以典型服务区为例分析了电能消耗产生的碳排放随不同功能区的变化特点,研究发现餐饮和超市是服务区节能减碳的重点区域。以2021年为例计算山东省服务区碳汇,研究发现植物碳汇占总碳排放的平均比例为8.96%,因此植物碳汇是服务区抵消碳排放的重要途经之一。通过以上研究分析,从可再生能源开发利用、节能低碳技术应用、碳排放智慧管控技术和植物碳汇能力提升4个方面提出了服务区低碳发展的对策建议。

Expressway service area is one of the important sources of carbon emissions in the expressway operation stage,and the carbon emission level and structural characteristics of the service area can be fully grasped by carrying out carbon emission accounting during the operation period of the service area,so as to guide the energy-saving and low-carbon development of the service area in a targeted manner.In this paper,the boundary range of carbon emissions during the operation period of the service area is defined,and the calculation method of carbon emissions during the operation period of the service area is proposed based on the emission factor method.Based on different factors such as the region,functional attributes,and operation of the service area,20service areas in Shandong Province are selected and the carbon emissions from 2019to 2021are calculated.The results show that the average annual carbon emissions of different service areas in Shandong Province vary greatly,and the total carbon emissions from 2019to 2021are between 39.08~1519.63,51.13~1812.36and 30.80~1427.62t,respectively.In terms of carbon emission structure,indirect carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption accounts for the highest proportion,reaching 76.53%,85.81%and 87.64%respectively from 2019to 2021.In addition,taking typical service areas as an example,the changes of carbon emissions generated by electricity consumption with different functional areas are analyzed,and it is found that catering and supermarkets are the key areas of energy conservation and carbon reduction in service areas.Taking 2021as an example to calculate the carbon sink in the service area of Shandong Province,it is found that the average proportion of plant carbon sink to the total carbon emissions is 8.96%,so plant carbon sink is one of the important ways to offset carbon emissions in the service area.Through the above research and analysis,countermeasures and suggestions for low-carbon development in service areas are put forward from four aspects:renewable energy development and utilization,energy-saving and low-carbon technology application,carbon emission intelligent management and control technology and plant carbon sink capacity improvement.