长江中下游抚河流域沉积物重金属分布特征及来源

Distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in sediments of Fuhe River Basin in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River

为分析抚河流域沉积物重金属分布特征及来源,于2021年7月对江西省抚河流域干流及主要支流进行采样,测定了该流域沉积物中Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、U、Zr的含量。利用多元统计方法,对重金属含量数据进行主成分分析、相关性分析、绝对主成分—多元线性回归模型和正定因子矩阵模型等分析。结果显示Zr、U、Cd三种重金属在流域内上游含量较高,Cr最高值出现在下游地带,Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb均在中游宜黄水与抚州市区段出口交汇处取得最大值。来源分析表明Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb主要来源于工业活动污染,Cd、U、Zr主要来源于自然岩石风化,Cr主要来自农业活动,Ni主要来自工农业复合污染。Pb同位素分析表明流域内沉积物Pb元素主要来源于工业活动。

To analyze the distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in sediments of the Fuhe River Basin,we collect some samples from the main tributaries of the Fuhe River Basin in Jiangxi Province in July 2021 to determine the content of Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,U,and Zr in the sediments of the basin.Using multivariate statistical methods,we conduct principal component analysis,correlation analysis,absolute principal component multiple linear regression model,and positive definite factor matrix model on heavy metal content data.The research results show that the three heavy metals Zr,U,Cd have higher concentrations in the sediment of the upper reach of this basin,while the highest value of Cr appears in the lower reach area.Ni,Cu,Zn,and Pb all reach their maximum values at the intersection of the middle reaches of the Yihuang River and the Fuzhou urban area.The source analysis shows that the heavy metals like Mn,Cu,Zn,and Pb mainly come from industrial pollution,Cd,U,and Zr mainly come from natural rock weathering,Cr mainly comes from agricultural activities,and Ni mainly comes from industrial and agricultural composite pollution.Pb isotope analysis indicates that the Pb element in the sediment of the watershed mainly derives from industrial activities.