隐喻式否定构式的语义生成机制研究

A Study of Semantic Generation of the Metaphorical Negation Construction

借助对立统一思维,基于概念隐喻和动态范畴论,本文提出了“概念隐喻—动态范畴模型”(CMDCM),并将之作为隐喻式否定构式的语义生成机制。研究发现:在前槽和后槽之间存在一个上位范畴,其抽象图式义是前后槽共现于该构式的依据,也是二者对比语义数量的标准;对立统一思维使前后槽临时形成反义关系,亦体现出一定语义数量,说话人通过确定并标注该语义数量,在前后槽之间建立语义梯级;整个构式包含两次隐喻过程,概念投射经由前槽发出,继而被具有优先投射权的后槽阻滞,故新喻具有遮蔽旧喻的功能。

Under the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Dynamic Category Theory,this paper,with the help of the thought of unity of opposites,proposes the Conceptual Metaphor-Dynamic Category Model(CMDCM)to elucidate the semantic generation of the Metaphorical Negation Construction.The whole process can be described as follows:Firstly,the compatibility of the front slot and the back slot grows out of the formation of the superordinate category above the two slots.The schematic meaning of this category is the basis on which the two slots compare their semantic quantities.Secondly,the thinking mode of the unity of opposites makes the two slots a temporary pair of antonyms indicating their semantic quantities respectively.Then the speaker marks these quantities onto a mental semantic scale.Thus,the semantic scalar emerges.Thirdly,there are two groups of mapping in the semantic generation process of the metaphorical negation construction.The mappings initiated by the front slot is blocked by those initiated by the back one,because the latter takes priority over the former and occupies all the paths of mapping.It follows that the new metaphor hides the old one.