鼠李糖脂润湿煤尘表面特性研究

Study on surface characteristics of rhamnolipid wetting coal dust

本文以鼠李糖脂为例,测试生物表面活性剂在煤尘治理方面的应用。从表面张力、接触角、沉降时间试验着手,分析不同质量浓度下鼠李糖脂溶液的表面性能与润湿性能,确定鼠李糖脂溶液的最佳润湿浓度,并结合傅里叶红外光谱试验分析鼠李糖脂对煤体微观结构特性的影响,最终借助自行搭建的模拟巷道平台测定鼠李糖脂的降尘效率。试验结果表明:生物表面活性剂——鼠李糖脂具备用作煤尘抑尘剂的基本性能。鼠李糖脂的加入不仅降低了清水的表面张力、接触角及沉降时间,且全尘、呼尘降尘效率分别达到了79.11%,74.93%,同比清水提升了41.5%、42.48%,抑尘效果显著。综合成本因素,确定鼠李糖脂溶液的最佳润湿浓度为0.04%,红外光谱分析表明,羟基及含氧官能团含量变化是影响煤体润湿的关键因素。

Rhamnolipid was taken to test the application of biosurfactants in the field of coal dust control.Starting from the surface tension,contact angle and sedimentation time tests,the surface properties and wettability of rhamnolipid solution at different mass concentrations were analyzed to determine the optimal wetting concentration of rhamnolipid solution.The effect of rhamnolipid on the microstructure characteristics of coal was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Finally,the dust reduction efficiency of rhamnolipid was measured by a self-built simulated roadway platform.The test results showed that the biosurfactant-rhamnolipid had the basic properties of being used as a coal dust suppressant.The addition of rhamnolipid not only reduced the surface tension,contact angle and settling time of clean water,but also reduced the dust removal efficiency of total dust and respirable dust to 79.11%and 74.93%,respectively,which was 41.5%and 42.48%higher than that of clean water.Based on the comprehensive cost factors,the optimal wetting concentration of rhamnolipid solution was determined to be 0.04%.The infrared spectrum analysis showed that the change of hydroxyl and oxygen-containing functional group content was the key factor affecting the wetting of coal.