中老年糖尿病患者抑郁状况及影响因素研究

The Depression Status and Influencing Factors of Middle-aged and Elderly Diabetic Patients

目的了解我国中老年糖尿病患者的抑郁状况,并分析抑郁的影响因素,为完善糖尿病综合管理提供参考依据。方法使用2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,采用流行病调查中心抑郁量表(CES-D)的10条目简易量表测量45岁及以上中老年糖尿病患者抑郁状况。采用描述性分析、卡方分析和Logistic回归分析中老年糖尿病患者抑郁状况及其影响因素。结果1592名中老年糖尿病患者中,抑郁检出率为40.8%;Logistic回归分析结果显示:性别(OR=1.849,95%CI=1.399~2.444)、受教育程度(OR=0.764,95%CI=0.599~0.973)、婚姻状况(OR=0.736,95%CI=0.558~0.970)、常住地(OR=0.604,95%CI=0.484~0.754)、睡眠时间(OR=2.525,95%CI=2.022~3.154)、是否参加社交活动(OR=0.743,95%CI=0.594~0.930)和是否受到子女经济支持(OR=0.722,95%CI=0.522~0.998)是中老年糖尿病患者抑郁的影响因素。结论中老年糖尿病患者抑郁状况不仅受个体特征的影响,还受家庭支持、个体行为和生活方式等因素的影响。应多关注中老年糖尿病患者的心理健康,尽早采取预防和干预措施进行综合管理。

Objective To understand the status of depression in middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes,and to analyze the influencing factors of depression,to provide reference for improving the comprehensive management of diabetes.Methods Using the data of the 2018 China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey(CHARLS),the 10-item simple scale of the Central Epidemiologic Survey Depression Scale(CES-D)was used to measure the depression status of middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients aged 45 years and above.Descriptive analysis,Chi-square analysis and Logistic regression were used to analyze depression status and its influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients.Results Among 1592 middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients,the detection rate of depression was 40.8%.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.849,95%CI=1.399-2.444),education level(OR=0.764,95%CI=0.599-0.973),marital status(OR=0.736,95%CI=0.558-0.970),place of habitual residence(OR=0.604,95%CI=0.484-0.754),sleep time(OR=2.525,95%CI=2.022-3.154),whether to participate in social activities(OR=0.743,95%CI=0.594-0.930)and whether to receive financial support from children(OR=0.722,95%CI=0.522-0.998)were influencing factors of depression in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients.Conclusion Depression status of middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients is not only affected by individual characteristics,but also affected by family support,lifestyle and other factors.More attention should be paid to the mental health of middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes,and preventive and intervention measures should be taken as early as possible for comprehensive management.