数字经济与农业转移人口就业质量:促进或抑制

Agricultural Transfer Population:Promotion or Inhibition

高质量就业是推动农业转移人口市民化的题中应有之义,也是促进农业转移人口融入城市的关键。本文基于人与环境匹配理论,剖析了数字经济及其不同形态对农业转移人口就业质量的影响。研究发现,数字经济能够显著提高农业转移人口的就业质量,职业匹配在其中发挥部分中介作用。从数字经济的不同形态来看,工业互联网发展与就业质量之间存在倒U型关系,消费互联网发展与就业质量之间存在正U型关系。代际差异分析结果显示,相对于老一辈农业转移人口,数字经济对新生代农业转移人口就业质量的促进效应更强。进一步研究表明,工业互联网发展对就业质量抑制作用的拐点在老一辈农业转移人口中提前,倒U型曲线更陡峭;消费互联网发展对就业质量促进作用的拐点在老一辈农业转移人口中延后,U型曲线更平坦。本研究对于理解数字经济如何影响农业转移人口就业质量,以及如何利用数字经济促进农业转移人口高质量就业具有理论与现实意义。

High-quality employment is the proper meaning of improving the quality of citizenization of agricultural transfer population,and it is also the key to promote the integration of agricultural transfer population into cities.Based on the theory of man-environment matching,this paper explores the impact and mechanism of digital economy on the employment quality of agricultural transfer population.The study finds that the digital economy can significantly improve the employment quality of agricultural transfer population,and occupational matching plays a partial mediating role.From the perspective of different forms of digital economy,there is an inverted Ushaped relationship between industrial internet development and employment quality,and there is a positive U-shaped relationship between consumer internet development and employment quality.The results of intergenerational difference analysis show that compared with the older generation of agricultural transfer population,the digital economy has a stronger promoting effect on the employment quality of the new generation of agricultural transfer population.Further research shows that the inflection point of the inhibitory effect of industrial internet development on employment quality is earlier in the older generation of agricultural transfer population,and the inverted Ushaped curve is steeper;the inflection point of the promotion effect of consumer internet development on employment quality is more delayed in the older generation of agricultural transfer population,and the U-shaped curve is flatter.This study has important theoretical and practical significance for understanding how the digital economy affects the employment quality of agricultural transfer population and how to use the digital economy to promote high-quality employment of agricultural transfer population.