“个体性”的思想谱系——以约翰·密尔《论自由》文本为中心的考察

An Intellectual Genealogy of“Individuality”:Examination Centered on the Text of John S.Mill's“On Liberty”

思想家如何组织文本,是思想史研究中的的重要内容。19世纪英国思想家约翰·密尔在撰写《论自由》时,便借用和转换了其他思想家的思想资源,来组织自己的文本。凭借这些思想资源,《论自由》文本才得以写就,并充满思想的力量。也正是在这种借鉴中,密尔和其他思想家的思想形成了一种内在关联和思想谱系。通过系统考察密尔所提及的一些思想家的思想内容,梳理这些思想谱系,将有助于把握《论自由》这一文本的组织方式,明晓文本产生的思想渊源,以及理解其思想的意义指向。

In the study of the intellectual history,how the thinkers structured their texts should constitute a significant area of inquiry.This paper adopts this approach to the study of“On Liberty”by the 19th-century British thinker John S.Mill through an examination of how he drew upon and transformed the ideas of other thinkers to form his own text.It is upon this borrowing that“On Liberty”was eventually composed and imbued with a potent force of thought.Moreover,in the same course an intrinsic relationship had been established between Mill's thoughts and those of the other thinkers,qualifying for a genealogical inquiry.Therefore,by systematically exploring the ideas of various thinkers Mill mentioned and tracing the intellectual genealogy thus formed,this paper will help to elucidate the methods of text structuring employed in“On Liberty,”clarify the intellectual origins of the text and discern the implications of the ideas it espouses.