南宋永嘉学派的经世思想与批判意识

Thought of Governing the State and Critical Consciousness of Yongjia(永嘉)School in Southern Song Dynasty

永嘉学派作为锐意事功的学术流派,以务实黜虚为治学特点,侧重经制之学,尤其注重探讨宋代社会经济制度。他们重视研究货币流通思想、专卖政策、财税政策和会计制衡作用等,批判两宋王朝对百姓肆意盘剥进而阻碍社会经济的发展,旨在不断完善国家的治理政策和措施。这充分体现出他们密切关注现实的经世旨趣。随着研究兴趣的不断拓展,永嘉学人愈发密切关注当时社会经济的发展,把对历史的借鉴继承与对现实的批判反思有机结合起来,将历史考察与现实探究并重,最终奠定了永嘉学派在两宋乃至中国古代学术史上的重要地位。

The Yongjia(永嘉)School,as an academic school determined to achieve great achievements,is characterized by pragmatism and elimination of emptiness.Its research focuses on the study of economic system,especially on the exploration of the socio-economic system of the Song Dynasty.The Yongjia scholars attached great importance to the idea of currency circulation,the monopoly system,fiscal and tax policies and the role of accounting checks and balances,etc.They criticized both the Northern and Southern Song dynasties for their wantonly exploiting the people,which hindered the social and economic development.All their efforts are aimed at constantly improving the state governance policies and measures,which fully reflects their interest in paying close attention to reality.With the continuous expansion of their research interests,Yongjia scholars became increasingly concerned about the socio-economic development at that time.The Yongjia School organically combined the inheritance of history with the critical reflection of reality,giving equal weight to historical investigation and exploration of the reality,and ultimately established its important position in the academic history of the Song Dynasty and even that of ancient China.