政策工具视角下我国户外运动产业政策研究——基于《户外运动产业规划(2022—2025年)》的分析

Quantitative Research on the"Outdoor Sports Industry Development Plan(2022-2025)"From the Perspective of Policy Tools

户外体育不仅是改善民众生活质量的有效手段,还是建设高效优质服务业新体系和推动乡村振兴的重要渠道。采用内容分析法,按照政策工具的分析框架从X政策工具维度和Y政策主体两个维度对《户外运动产业发展规划(2022—2025年)》(文中简称《户外规划》)的政策文本进行分析单元界定、内容编码、计量与分析。研究发现《户外规划》中环境型政策工具占据主导,侧重宏观层面引领发展;供给型政策工具比例适中,多种措施相互配合使用;需求型政策工具使用较少,重点强调公共服务与宣传推广。政策主体方面政府参与最多、企业参与适中、社会组织参与最少。为进一步促进户外运动产业发展,提出以下政策建议:首先要优化政策工具的组合结构,全面推动户外运动产业发展:要细化环境型政策工具、完善供给型政策工具、补充需求型政策工具。其次是强化政策参与主体协同,打造共建共治共享的市场环境:要从政府主导过渡到政府引导、完善市场机制带动企业参与、促进更多社会组织加入。最后是追踪政策执行效果,促进《户外规划》全面实施:要细化政策目标和拓展政策资源、优化政策执行手段、构建良好政策执行系统环境。

The outdoor sports industry is an effective carrier to promote people's livelihood and improve people's quality of life.Using the content analysis method,according to the analysis framework of policy tools,the analysis unit definition,content coding,measurement and analysis of the policy text of"Outdoor Sports Industry Development Plan(2022-2025)"(hereinafter referred to as"Outdoor Planning")are carried out from the two dimensions of X policy tool dimension and Y policy subject.The study found that the'outdoor planning'policy text takes into account the types of policy tools,and the impact is more significant.Among them,environmental policy tools dominate,focusing on the macro level to lead development;the proportion of supply-oriented policy tools is moderate,and various measures are used in conjunction with each other;demand-oriented policy tools are less used,with emphasis on public services and promotion.In terms of policy subjects,government participation is the most,enterprise participation is moderate,and social organization participation is the least.In order to further promote the development of outdoor sports industry,the following policy recommendations are proposed:First,improve the policy system:refine environmental policy tools,and implement strategic measures as implementation measures;improve supply-oriented policy tools and strengthen financial support and information services;supplement demand-based policy tools and actively explore new models of government purchase and outsourcing.The second is to strengthen multi-party cooperation from government-led transition to government guidance,improve the market mechanism to promote enterprise participation,and strengthen publicity and guidance to increase the number of social organizations.Finally,it is to achieve continuous optimization and upgrading of policies:policies should maintain a balance between consistency and flexibility,strengthen policy support for industrial integration and innovative development,and strengthen policy tracking and research.