轨道车辆内装材料及部件阻燃试验方法探讨

Discussion on Flame Retardant Test Method of Interior Materials and Components for Railway Vehicle

对国内外轨道车辆用内装材料及部件的主要阻燃标准及其引用的方法标准,从设备、燃烧方式、试样要求、试样摆放方式、结果表达等方面,就点燃性、可燃性、释热性、火焰传播性、生烟性、烟毒性、防火隔断、整体座椅防火等8类试验方法的差异进行了比较和探讨。各国阻燃标准关注的内容相似,但设备、侧重点和测试方法又有较大区别。EN 45545分类细致、方法全面,国内可以借鉴该标准的经验,制定新的防火标准,有利于我国轨道车辆防火安全性的管理。

Based on the main flame retardant standards of interior materials and components for rail vehicles at home and abroad and the cited method standards,the differences of eight test methods,including ignitability,flammability,heat release,flame propagation,smoke generation,smoke toxicity,fire partition and overall seat fire protection,are compared and discussed from the aspects of equipment,combustion mode,specimen requirements,specimen placement and result expression.The content of flame retardant standards in various countries is similar,but there are significant differences in equipment,focus and testing methods.The EN 45545 standard has detailed classification and comprehensive test methods.The experience of this standard can be used for reference in China to develop new fire protection standards,which is conducive to the management of railway vehicle fire safety in China.