日地空间环境中准双年振荡的时空信息与机制研究

Spatiotemporal information and mechanism study of quasi-biennial oscillations in the solar-terrestrial space environment

日地环境的准双年振荡是空间天气科学中的一个重要研究课题,对理解太阳大气、日地空间和地球环境的耦合过程具有重要意义。准双年振荡现象在时间和空间上具有无处不在和多变的观测特征,其确切的物理产生机制还未彻底厘清。准双年振荡存在于太阳大气的各个层次,甚至在对流区,在南北半球上是独立发展的。太阳准双年振荡通过开放的磁通量传输到行星际空间,径向日球场的强度与总的开放磁通量高度相关。太阳活动在11年周期最大值附近的时间减弱间隙可被视为准双年振荡的一个组成部分。文章综述了准双年振荡最新理论的产生机制,并讨论了支持/反驳该理论的观测特征。准双年振荡作为太阳活动的基本属性,不仅在研究太阳发电机的动力学过程方面,也在空间天气的预报和预警方面有着重要的现实意义。

The quasi-biennial oscillations(QBOs)of the Sun-Earth environment are an important re-search topic in space weather science,and are of great significance for understanding the coupling processes between the solar atmosphere,the solar-terrestrial space,and the terrestrial environment.The QBOs phenomenon possesses ubiquitous and extremely diverse observational features in time and space,but its exact physical generation mechanism is still not thoroughly clarified.QBOs exist in all levels of the solar atmosphere,and even in the convection zone.They develop independently in the northern and southern hemispheres.The solar QBOs propagate into interplanetary space through open magnetic flux transport.The strength of the radial heliospheric magnetic field is highly correlated with the total open magnetic flux.The time gap of weakened solar activity near the 11-year cyclic maximum can be viewed as a constituent part of the QBOs.For the generation mechanism of QBOs,this paper reviews the latest theoretical generation mechanisms,and discusses the observational features that sup-port/refute these theories.As a fundamental property of solar activity,the QBOs are not only impor-tant for studying the dynamic processes in the solar dynamo,but also have significant practical impli-cations for space weather forecasting and warning.