交往行为理论观照下的译者行为有效性评析——以《水浒传》两个英译本为例

Analysis of Validity of Translator Behavior from the Perspective of Theory of Communicative Action:Taking Two English Versions of Shui Hu Zhuan as an Example

依据哈贝马斯交往行为理论,交往的合理性有赖于遵循交往的有效性原则。翻译作为一种特殊的交往行为,翻译主体也应遵循交往行为的有效性原则,翻译策略的选择应该尽可能符合真诚性、真实性和正确性的原则。对赛珍珠和沙博理的《水浒传》译本翻译策略的对比分析发现,两个译者都有实现文化间平等交流的初衷,符合交往的真诚性要求,但在交往的真实性原则和正确性原则的符合度上,赛译和沙译各有差异。理想的翻译应该尽可能兼顾交往有效性的诸原则。

According to Habermas' theory of communicative action,communicative rationality relies on people's following the principle for communicative validity.As translation is a special form of communicative action,translators should follow the same principle,making their choice of translating strategies conforming to the requirement of truthfulness,authenticity and normative rightness.A comparison of translation strategies between the two English versions of Shui Hu Zhuan by Pearl S.Buck and Sideny Shapiro shows that both translators have the sincerity to bring an equal exchange between two cultures and can satisfy the requirement of truthfulness.The two versions have respectively a higher degree of conformity in terms of authenticity and normative rightness.An ideal translator should try to take all these requirements for communicative validity into consideration.