硅元素提高植物抗旱性应用研究

Application Research of Silicon in Improving Crop Drought Tolerance

综述了硅元素在干旱胁迫下调控植物水分流失、激活抗氧化系统、增强根部吸收、促进矿物质养分吸收及调节植物激素等方面的作用及其相关生理机制,以及硅元素通过多种生理机制调控植物的抗旱性,缓解干旱胁迫对植物的伤害。目前,硅肥已在部分农业生产方面得到了应用,主要用于部分植物的根外追肥和叶面施肥等,但在生理上未发现硅元素具有专一性的作用,硅元素对提高植物抗旱性的部分潜在作用机制尚不清晰。未来的研究中还需要进一步揭示硅元素提高植物抗旱性的详细作用机制,为硅元素在提高植物生产效率方面提供科学依据和理论基础。

Role of silicon in regulating crop water loss,activating antioxidant system,enhancing root absorption,promoting mineral nutrient absorption,and regulating plant hormones under drought stress and related physiological mechanisms were reviewed.Under drought stress,silicon regulated drought resistance of crops through a variety of physiological mechanisms and alleviated damage of drought stress to plants.At present,silicon fertilizer has been used in some agricultural production,mainly used for topdressing outside roots and foliar fertilization of some crops,but no specific role of silicon has been found physiologically,and some of potential mechan-isms of silicon on improving plant drought resistance are not clear.Future research needs to further reveal detailed mechanism of silicon to improve plant drought resistance,so as to provide a scientific basis and theoretical basis for silicon in improving crop production effi-ciency.