汉代出土铁镰初探

Preliminary Study on Iron Sickle Unearthed in Han Dynasty

汉代出土的铁镰数量较多,种类丰富,遍及全国各地。本文通过考古类型学方法对汉代出土铁镰的形制进行阐释,提出随着冶铁工艺的进步和简化“锻銎技法”的出现,汉代铁镰发展逐渐定型。此外还分析了汉代铁镰的发展阶段性特征、装柄方式、功能的分化及对汉代农业生产的影响,认为铁镰在汉代应不是作为单一的收割工具,其功能可能产生了分化,不同类型的铁镰可能有不同的最佳使用场景,其对农业生产产生了多方面的积极影响,促进了农业的进一步发展和繁荣。

The number of iron sickle unearthed in the Han Dynasty is quite large,and the variety is rich,which is spread all over the country.On the basis of archeological typology,this paper explains the shape of the iron sickle unearthed in the Han Dynasty,and points out that with the progress of iron smelting technology and the emergence of a simplified“forging technique”,the development of the iron sickle had been basically formed.In addition,it also analyzes the characteristics of different development stages of the iron sickle in Han Dynasty,handle mounting methods and different functions,and its influence on agricultural production in Han Dynasty.It believes that the iron sickle may not be used as a single harvesting tool in Han Dynasty,its functions may have already differentiated,and different types of iron sickle may be best used in different scenarios,which has a positive impact on agricultural production in many aspects,promoting the further development and prosperity of agriculture.