乾隆年间伊犁户屯问题再探

Further Discussion on the Residential Reclamation in Ili During the Reign of Emperor Qianlong

户屯是清代伊犁农业开发中的特殊类型,根据满文档案可知,其创办时间更可能始于乾隆二十五年。户屯构造,主要包括了商民、客民、为民遣犯和绿营眷兵分户子弟四类。户屯最早依附于兵屯,其管理实现了从理事同知向抚民同知的转变。

Residential reclamation,a special type in the agricultural development in Ili in Qing Dynasty,was most likely to begin in the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong recorded by the Manchu documents.It mainly included four types,including merchants,aliens,civil criminals and family members from the Green Camp soldiers.Residential reclamation relied on the military reclamation,realizing the administration transformation from the Lishi officials to Fumin officials.