工农业副产物添加对棕壤的改良研究

由于不当农艺措施等人为因素影响,辽宁省棕壤区土壤发生酸化,需要添加改良剂予以阻控。以农田棕壤为研究对象,选取工业矿渣(煤矸石和膨润土矿渣)、秸秆(玉米秸秆、花生秸秆)、菌糠(平菇菌糠、金针菇菌糠)等6种常见的工农业生产副产物作为改良剂,采用室内恒温培养的方法,考察了工农业生产副产物对酸化棕壤的影响。结果表明:添加秸秆、菌糠和工业废弃物均可一定程度上改良土壤的酸度,使土壤pH提高0.29~0.79个单位;添加改良剂可不同程度改变土壤净硝化作用,但影响不大;改良剂的添加有效增强了土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性。综合而言,农业生产副产物更适合酸化棕壤的改良。

Due to the influence of human factors such as improper agronomic measures,soil acidification in brown soil areas of Liaoning Province is obvious and needs to be controlled by adding amendments.In this study,six common industrial and agricultural production by-products,such as industrial slag(coal gangue and bentonite slag),straw(corn straw and peanut straw)and fungal bran(mushroom bran and golden mushroom bran),were selected as improvers to investigate the effects of industrial and agricultural production by-products on acidified brown soils by using indoor constant temperature incubation method.The results showed that the addition of straw,mushroom bran and industrial waste could improve soil acidity to some extent,and soil pH increased by 0.29-0.79 units;the addition of improvers changed soil net nitrification to different degrees,but the effect was not significant;the addition of improvers effectively enhanced soil phosphatase,sucrase and peroxidase activities.In conclusion,agricultural production by-products are more suitable for the improvement of acidified brown soils.