中国现代设施畜牧业高质量发展分析及建议

Analysis and Suggestions on High-quality Development of China's Modern Facility Animal Husbandry

近年来,现代设施畜牧业迅猛发展,充分利用现代信息技术、生物技术、工程装备技术与现代经营管理方式,以追求产出效率最大化、经济效益最大化、资源利用最大化、替代人工最大化等为主要特征,畜禽规模养殖场改造升级步伐加快,全要素综合生产率持续提高,畜牧业生产空间和领域进一步扩展,有力保障了畜禽产品稳定安全供给。但是,现代设施畜牧业发展正处于转型升级的新阶段,面临着不少困难和问题,与高质量发展的要求还不相适应,主要表现为用地矛盾仍然突出,发展根基不稳;设施装备普遍落后,发展质量不高;设施养殖总量不足,发展结构不优;绿色生产体系薄弱,发展支撑不强。基于此,要把现代设施畜牧业作为畜牧业现代化的重要抓手,统筹考虑中国发展阶段和资源环境特点,坚持问题导向和目标导向,以用地、金融、装备、科技等为重点,加强制度创新、政策创新、组织创新、科技创新,推动现代设施畜牧业高质量发展势在必行。

In recent years,the modern facility animal husbandry has developed rapidly,which has the main characteristics of making full use of modern information technology,biotechnology,engineering equipment technology and modern management methods,and to pursue the maximizations of output efficiency,economic benefit,resource utilization and artificial replacement consequently.The accelerated transformation and upgrading of farms,the continuously improved total factor comprehensive productivity,and the expanded production space and field of animal husbandry are effectively ensuring the stability and safety in animal products supply.However,the development of modern facility animal husbandry is now in a new stage of transformation and upgrading,facing many difficulties and problems,which are not compatible with the requirements of high-quality development.The difficulties and problems are mainly manifested as follows:the land use contradiction is still prominent,and the development foundation is unstable;the facilities and equipment are generally backward,and the development quality is not high;the total amount of facility breeding is insufficient,and the development structure is not optimal;the green production system is weak,and the development support is not strong.Based on this,modern facilities animal husbandry should be regarded as an important starting point for the modernization of animal husbandry,comprehensive consideration should be given to China's development stage,resource and environmental characteristics,adhere to the problem-oriented and goal-oriented,focus on land use,finance,equipment,science and technology,etc.,and strengthen innovations in system,policy,organization,science and technology.Therefore,promoting the high-quality development of modern facilities animal husbandry is imperative.