点式星箭分离冲击环境减缓设计与减冲性能试验验证

Design of pyroshock environment reduction and experimental study on pyroshock reduction performance for point-type satellite-rocket separation

为改善点式星箭分离冲击环境,优化连接解锁装置设计,研究了点式星箭分离装置的冲击传递机理。以星箭接口不变为前提,提出对应减冲措施:在火工品收集筒顶部增加蜂窝和橡胶垫,以降低火工品结构残体碰撞产生的二次冲击;增加不同材料的垫片,以减弱药剂爆炸冲击作用。初步仿真分析表明,采用镁合金、不锈钢、玻璃钢组合垫片的减冲效果较好。减冲性能验证试验结果表明:增加蜂窝和橡胶垫后,二次冲击现象不再明显;在冲击传递路径上增加3 mm和1 mm厚度的组合垫片,卫星侧冲击响应分别降低了43.3%和39.5%。研究提出的减冲措施以及试验验证结果对点式星箭分离冲击环境改善具有工程指导意义。

In order to improve the pyroshock environment of point-type satellite-rocket separation and optimize the design of the connection unlocking devices,the pyroshock transmission mechanism of point-type satellite-rocket separation was studied.Based on the constraint of fixed satellite-rocket interface,the corresponding pyroshock reduction measures were proposed.The honeycomb and rubber pad were attached to the top of the explosive initiator collecting cylinder to reduce the secondary impact caused by the collision of the structural remnants of the initiating explosive devices.The gaskets made by different combinations of materials were added,to reduce the pyroshock from explosive agents.Preliminary numerical simulations show that the combination of magnesium alloy,stainless steel and glass fiber reinforced plastics presents a more desirable pyroshock reduction effect.The experimental results show that the phenomenon of secondary impact is no longer obvious after the installation of honeycomb and rubber pad.The pyroshock of satellite side is reduced by 43.3%and 39.5%respectively with combined gaskets of 3 mm and 1 mm in thickness in the pyroshock transmission path.The proposed measures for pyroshock reduction together with the experimental results provide engineering guidance for improving the pryoshock environment of point-type satellite-rocket separation.