监督能动性作用下的行政复议制度改革探究——以行政复议意见书为视角

Exploration on the Reform of the Administrative Reconsideration System Under the Supervision Initiative--From the Perspective of Administrative Reconsideration Opinion

行政复议作为化解行政争议主渠道目标的实现需要强化行政复议的能动性,行政复议意见书是充分发挥行政复议监督能动性的一项具体制度设计。行政复议意见书在实质性化解行政争议的大背景下回应了行政复议监督功能的制度需求,有利于促进行政复议多元功能同步发挥。行政复议意见书的理论基础是行政复议权的行政性和行政复议制度的职权主义。行政复议意见书的目的与功能是强化行政复议的监督功能,强化行政复议实质性化解行政争议的能力和助推行政复议主渠道目标的实现。鉴于之前行政复议意见书在规范层面精细化程度不够和行政复议制度本身的各种原因,行政复议意见在实践中不断地扩张适用领域,背离了该项制度设置的初衷。新修订的《行政复议法》对行政复议意见书进行了重新的建构,行政复议意见书在实施过程中还需要进一步细化相关构成要件,同时完善行政复议意见书的执行措施和监督措施。

The realization of administrative reconsideration as the main channel for resolving administrative disputes requires strengthening the initiative of administrative reconsiderationAdministrative reconsideration opinions are a specific institutional design that fully utilizes the initiative of administrative reconsideration supervisionThe Administrative Reconsideration Opinion responds to the institutional requirements for the supervision function of administrative reconsideration in the context of substantive resolution of administrative disputes,which is conducive to promoting the synchronous implementation of multiple functions of administrative reconsiderationThe theoretical basis of the administrative reconsideration opinion is the administrative nature of the administrative reconsideration power and the authoritarianism of the administrative reconsideration systemThe purpose and function of administrative reconsideration opinions is to strengthen the supervisory function of administrative reconsideration,enhance the ability of administrative reconsideration to resolve administrative disputes in a substantive manner,and promote the achievement of the main channel of administrative reconsiderationGiven the insufficient refinement of administrative reconsideration opinions at the normative level and various reasons for the administrative reconsideration system itself,administrative reconsideration opinions have continuously expanded their application areas in practice,deviating from the original intention of the systemThe newly revised Administrative Reconsideration Law has restructured the administrative reconsideration opinionsDuring the implementation process,the relevant constituent elements of the administrative reconsideration opinions need to be further refined,while strengthening the implementation and supervision measures of the administrative reconsideration opinions.