疾病动物模型建模过程中伦理和福利审查

Ethical and Welfare Review in the Modeling Process of Disease Animal Models

建立动物模型是研究各种相应疾病发病机制和治疗手段不可或缺的工具,其伦理和福利的审查是保证科研质量以及促进实验动物科学、合理使用的必要措施。在审查实践中发现,大部分申请者都无法准确理解伦理申请表中的各项内容及其对应的伦理原则。因此,一套切实可行的动物实验伦理操作指南十分必要。本文以口腔疾病动物模型为例,从其开展的法律、伦理基础为切入点,将建立口腔疾病动物模型的方法分为物理法、化学法、生物法、联合法,并详述不同建模方法的伦理和福利审查要点和模型评价方法。希望能帮助审查者和项目申请者更好理解并执行伦理审查的要点,最终提高动物模型标准化程度和适用性。

Disease animal model is an indispensable part of studying the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases.Review of the ethics and welfare is the necessary measure to ensure the quality of scientific research and promote the scientific and rational use of laboratory animals.In the review practice,it is found that most applicants are difficult to accurately understand the items listed in the application form and ethical principles related to items.Therefore,a practical and feasible set of ethical guidelines for animal experiments is necessary.This review focuses on the legal and ethical basis of developing oral disease animal models,and divides the methods of establishing oral disease animal models into physical methods,chemical methods,biological methods,and combined methods.It also elaborates on the ethical and welfare review points of different modeling methods and model evaluation methods.Hopefully,ethical censors and project applicants may get more understanding of ethical review for disease animal models,and ultimately improve the standardization and applicability of animal models.