国内大市场优势与企业自主创新

Advantages of Domestic Large Markets and Independent Innovation of Enterprises

双循环发展格局的提出是我国应对当前经济形势变化、推动经济实现高质量发展的重要战略之举,这需要我国企业在以国内大循环为主体的新发展格局中探寻发展机遇。文章利用改进的市场潜力反映国内大市场的需求优势,进而基于中国工业企业数据库、中国工业企业专利数据库和中国地级及以上城市面板数据的匹配数据,探讨在新发展格局背景下,国内大市场优势对企业自主创新的影响效应。结果显示,国内大市场优势可通过降低企业平均成本、促进产业链技术外溢和提升中间品共享效应等渠道显著提升企业自主创新水平,该结论在使用城市地理信息数据和我国清代各州、府、县衙门数据进行内生性分析、考虑样本极端值及更换核心变量后的估计中依然成立。进一步分析发现,国际市场强化了国内大市场优势对企业创新的提升作用,现阶段国内、国际市场之间呈现出明显的互动趋势。国内、国际市场对企业创新的协同影响效应因企业所在行业类型、企业贸易类型、内外资类型及专利类型而具有较大差异。文章结论对于中国企业依托国内统一大市场优势构建自主可控的创新体系,进而提升企业创新水平和国际竞争力方面具有重要的现实意义。

The proposal of a“dual circulation”development pattern is an important strategic move forChina to respond to the current changes in the economic situation and promote the high-quality developmentof the economy.This suggests that Chinese enterprises should rely more on the demand potential of domesticlarge markets and explore development opportunities in the“dual circulation”development pattern.This paper aims to explore the mechanism and path for enterprises to achieve independent innovation based on theunique advantages of domestic large markets,so as to provide a basis and policy reference for effectively solving the“bottleneck”problem of core technology and building a self-reliant,safe,and reliable independent innovation system.Based on the matching data of China Industrial Enterprise Database,China Industrial Enterprise PatentDatabase,and the panel of cities at prefecture level and above in China,this paper discusses the impact of domestic large market advantages on the independent innovation of enterprises.The results show that domesticlarge markets can significantly improve the independent innovation level of enterprises by reducing their average costs,promoting technology spillovers in the industrial chain,and enhancing the sharing effect of intermediate goods.International markets strengthen the role of domestic large market advantages in enhancing enterprise innovation,thus showing a clear trend of interaction between domestic and international markets atpresent.The synergistic effect of domestic and international markets on enterprise innovation varies greatly depending on the industry,trade type,domestic and foreign investment type,and patent type of enterprises.The contributions of this paper are as follows:First,based on China’s unique domestic large market advantages,the impact mechanism of independent innovation is systematically explored,providing a theoreticalbasis for unblocking the domestic circulation and building new advantages for enterprise innovation in domestic markets.Second,based on the theory of new economic geography,combined with the market potentialmodel and the level of Internet development,new indicators for domestic large market advantages,intermediate product space supply,and industrial chain space technology spillover effects are constructed,providing aquantitative basis for comprehensively identifying the impact of domestic large market advantages on the independent innovation of enterprises.Third,the synergistic effect between the international and domestic marketsin the process of independent innovation is further explored,providing policy reference for enterprises to simultaneously utilize both domestic and international markets for independent innovation and help to form a“dual circulation”development pattern.