亲子互动中的“策略型民主”:“80后”父母的教养实践探索

Strategic Democracy in Parent-Child Interaction:An Exploration of the Parenting Practices of Post-80s Parents

在剧烈的社会变迁与家庭转型过程中,以“80后”为主体的新生代父母在家庭教养实践中逐渐抛弃传统专断权威型亲子互动模式,积极探索形成了“策略型民主”亲子互动模式。在明确的教养目标指引下,父母既保持基础权威,又通过民主沟通方式推动子女“成人成才,争先培优”。亲代教育、父职参与、夫妻协作、家校协作以及市场化的教育服务补充是此种亲子互动模式的实践基础。教育竞争卷入与教养责任的家庭化、对传统教养模式的反思以及家庭情感性面向的增强、数字社会背景下与智能手机“争夺”孩子是此种亲子互动模式成为一种理想教养模式的生成逻辑。在“理想教养模式”背后,教养责任的家庭化、教养的过度精细化与去公共化问题,值得重视。

Against the backdrop of dramatic social change and family transformation,the new generation of parents,mainly those born in the 80s,have gradually abandoned the traditional authoritarian parent-child interaction mode in family upbringing,opting instead to actively explore new parent-child interaction modes.This has led to the formation of a"strategic democratic"parent-child interaction mode,where parents not only maintain basic authority,but also promote their children's"adulthood and excellence"through democratic communication,guided by clear upbringing goals.Under the guidance of clear parenting goals,parents not only maintain their basic authority,but also promote their children's"success in adulthood and strive for excellence"through democratic communication.The practical basis for this model is intergenerational education,paternal involvement,husband-wife collaboration,homeschool collaboration,and the supplementation of market-oriented educational services.The involvement of competition in education and the domestication of parenting responsibilities;the reflection of 80s-born parents on the traditional model of parenting and the emotional transformation of the family;and the"competition"for children with smartphones in the context of a digital society make this model of parent-child interaction a logical choice for an ideal model of parenting.Aside from the"ideal parenting model",the domestication of parenting responsibilities and the over-refinement and de-publicization of parenting are issues that deserve attention.