大学生创业研究动态与趋势展望

Dynamic Review and Trend Prospect of College Students'Entrepreneurship Research

大学生创业既是实现增量就业的重要渠道,也是检验高校创新创业教育成果的重要依据。系统梳理和分析大学生创业的研究文献对于掌握这一领域的研究动态和趋势走向具有重要的参考价值。借助CiteSpace软件运用文献计量法,对2003—2022年中国知网数据库中研究大学生创业的1127篇文献进行知识图谱分析。研究发现:过去20年国内大学生创业研究经历了起步探索、快速增长、逐渐回落的阶段转变,发文量总体呈上升趋势,发文作者间存在一定的合作关系但总体较为分散,发文机构整体上呈现“小集中、大分散”的分布特征;研究热点聚焦于大学生创新创业教育的政策演进、创新创业发展阶段的脉络梳理、创业动机的心理机制探析和创新创业的社会支持体系建构等内容;从研究趋势来看,乡村振兴、返乡创业、创业意愿等前沿内容的研究将持续深入推进。后疫情时代给大学生创业带来了更多的不确定性,大学生创业能力的结构维度、创业意愿的动力机制和创业行为的社会支持等问题成为研究关注的焦点。

College student entrepreneurship is not only an important channel for achieving incremental employment,but also an important basis for testing the achievements of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities.The systematic review and a-nalysis of research literature on college student entrepreneurship has important reference value for mastering the research dynamics and trends in this field.This article uses CiteSpace software and bibliometric analysis to conduct a knowledge graph analysis of 1127 articles on college student entrepreneurship in the CNKI database from 2003 to 2022.Research has found that in the past 20 years,research on entrepreneurship among Chinese university students has gone through a phase of initial exploration,rapid growth,and gradual decline.The overall number of publications has shown an upward trend,and there is a certain cooperative relationship among authors,but over-all it is relatively scattered.The distribution characteristics of publishing institutions as a whole are"small concentration,large disper-sion";Research hotspots focus on the policy evolution of innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students,the compila-tion of innovation and entrepreneurship development stages,the psychological mechanism of entrepreneurial motivation,and the con-struction of social support system for innovation and entrepreneurship,etc;From the perspective of research trends,research on cutting-edge topics such as rural revitalization,homecoming entrepreneurship,and entrepreneurial willingness will continue to deepen.The post pandemic era has brought more uncertainty to college student entrepreneurship,and issues such as the structural dimensions of col-lege student entrepreneurial ability,the driving mechanism of entrepreneurial willingness,and social support for entrepreneurial behav-ior have become the focus of research attention.