基于有限元法的机床结构刚度分析与轻量化设计

Structural Stiffness Analysis and Lightweight Design of Machine Tool Based on Finite Element Method

传统的机床结构设计以注重静刚度为主,采用经验设计,通过增大壁厚、增加筋板、减小铸造开孔等方法实现。这样设计虽然可以在一定程度上保证结构刚度,但是同时带来更大的冗余质量,并且不符合机床动态响应性能要求。对此,基于有限元法对机床进行结构刚度分析和轻量化设计。介绍了具体做法,并且进行了轻量化前后对比,使机床结构布局合理,同时满足动态特性目标。

The traditional machine tool structure design focuses on static stiffness,adopts empirical design,and is realized by increasing the wall thickness,increasing the rib plate,reducing the casting opening and so on.Although this design method can ensure structural stiffness to a certain extent,it brings greater redundancy mass and does not meet the dynamic response performance requirement of the machine tool.In this regard,the structural stiffness analysis and lightweight design of the machine tool were carried out based on the finite element method.The specific method was introduced,and the comparison of before and after lightweight was carried out to make the structure layout of the machine tool reasonable and meet the dynamic characteristic at the same time.